Our laboratory demonstrated that morphine exhibits a modulatory control over the glyburide-binding site (sulfonylurea receptor) of the ATP-gated K(+) channel. This study evaluated the effect of chronic morphine administration on the sulfonylurea receptor during tolerance and physical dependence. ICR and Swiss-Webster mice were rendered tolerant to morphine by pellet implantation and were withdr...

background and objective: today, opioids are used to control and relieve acute and chronic pain. however, the incidence of both tolerance and dependence phenomena for these drugs is a major problem. so, in this study, the combination effect of haloperidol and methadone on the acquisition and expression of morphine dependence and tolerance was examined.    materials and methods: ninety-eight mic...

The activation of dopamine (DA) neurotransmission plays a crucial role in the behavioural responses to drugs of abuse. In particular, increased extracellular levels of DA within the mesolimbic pathway have been implicated in the rewarding and locomotor stimulatory properties of morphine. We investigated the behavioural responses to morphine in mice with a genetic disruption of the DA transporte...

background: there are reports about the increase of severity of infections in patients receiving morphine. therefore this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of morphine on phagocytic activity of peritoneal phagocytes of mice. methods: fifty six female balb/c mice, 6-8 weeks old and 28±2 gram weight, were divided into two groups. the case group received 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg morphine on fi...

cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB), a transcription factor involved in learning, memory and drug addiction, is phosphorylated by calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV). Here, we show that CaMKIV-knockout (KO) mice developed less analgesic tolerance after chronic morphine administration with no alteration in physical dependence or acute morphine-induced analgesia. The ...

this study was designed to assess the effect of five common anticonvulsant drugs on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent mice. male mice (25-35 g) were made dependent by increasing doses of morphine (30-90 mg/kg). at least three doses of phenytoin, carbamazepine, sodium valproate, lamotrigine and topiramate were injected i.p. to morphine-dependent mice 45 min prior to...

BACKGROUND Although the immunocompetent cells of the adult human endometrium are well characterized, there is little information about these cells in the developing uterus. This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of leukocyte subpopulations in the endometrium of fetuses and children. METHODS Uterine tissue obtained at autopsy from fetuses (n = 11) and neonates/children (n = ...

Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding is the most common presenting complaint in women of perimenopausal age group. Diagnostics tests to investigate causes abnormal are transabdominal ultrasonography (TAS), TVS, endometrial biopsy and uterine curettage which invasive procedure performed under anesthesia. The objectives this study were correlate results with histopathological findings discriminat...

effects of insulin (1, 2 and 3 iu/kg, i.p.), morphine (5mg/kg, i.p.), naloxone (5mg/kg, s.c.), insulin before morphine and after naloxone were studied in the formalin test of mice. formalin test was induced by intraplantar injection of formalin (20m, 5%). morphine alone and insulin with morphine decreased the first phase (0-5 min) of pain. naloxone increased the interphase (6-20 min) of nicicep...