Rapid Prototyping (RP) can be defined as a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. What is commonly considered to be the first RP technique, Stereolithography, was developed by 3D Systems of Valencia, USA. The company was founded in 1986, and since then, a number of different RP techniques have b...

PURPOSE To establish effective antitumor immunotherapy for esophageal cancer, we tried to identify an useful target antigen of esophageal cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We did cDNA microarray analysis to find a novel candidate antigen, proliferation potential-related protein (PP-RP). We examined cytotoxicity against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo of CTLs specific to PP-RP established from esop...

The main character of the present note is the Schwarzian derivative, and we start with a brief reminder of its definition and main properties. Let f : RP → RP be a projective line diffeomorphism. For every point x ∈ RP there exists a unique projective transformation gx : RP 1 → RP whose 2-jet at x coincides with that of f . The Schwarzian derivative S(f) measures the deviation of the 3-jet jf f...

The central protease of eukaryotes, the 26S proteasome, has a 20S proteolytic core particle (CP) and an attached 19S regulatory particle (RP). The RP is further subdivided into lid and base subcomplexes. Little is known about RP assembly. Here, we show that four conserved assembly factors govern biogenesis of the yeast RP base. Nas2 forms a complex with the Rpt4 and Rpt5 ATPases and enhances 26...

BACKGROUND The risk factors for radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are unclear. Mean lung dose (MLD) and percentage of irradiated lung volume are common predictors of RP, but the most accurate dosimetric parameter has not been established. We hypothesized that the total lung volume irradiated without emphysema would influence the onset of RP...

BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) often is impacted after radical prostatectomy (RP) procedures. Although patients' QoL scores gradually improve after RP, changes in the QoL score over time after different RP procedures must be examined. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the changes in QoL over time of prostate cancer patients who were treated with open RP (ORP) or laparoscopic RP...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is limited knowledge about the prevalence of pain and its relation to comorbidities, medication, and certain lifestyle factors in older adults. To address this limitation, this cross-sectional study examined the spreading of pain on the body in a sample of 6611 subjects ≥65 years old (mean age = 75.0 years; standard deviation [SD] = 7.7) living in southeastern Swe...

UNLABELLED Improvements in prosthesis design have facilitated participation in competitive running for persons with lower limb loss (AMP). PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the physiological responses of AMP using a run-specific prosthesis (RP) versus a traditional prosthesis (P) and cross-referenced with nonamputee controls (C) matched by training status, age, gender, and body...

Rapid prototyping (RP), also known as 3D Printing, has gained an important role in engineering education. It can be used to fabricate mechanical designs in a timely manner and hence is useful for design and manufacturing courses. In fact, many higher education institutions now have RP machines for research and teaching. Current literature reports that involving RP in design and manufacturing co...

A technique for using CNC machining as a Rapid Prototyping (RP) tool is presented. A 3-Axis machine and a programmable or indexable 4 axis is used to create complex shapes that would otherwise require 5-axis machining. The method involves a novel approach of slicing the part geometry and then fixturing through the use of a temporary feature added to the solid model. Multiple 3-axis NC programs ...