Theoretical approaches to low-frequencymagnetized turbulence in collisionless and weakly collisional astrophysical plasmas are reviewed. The proper starting point for an analytical description of these plasmas is kinetic theory, not fluid equations. The anisotropy of the turbulence is used to systematically derive a series of reduced analytical models. Above the ion gyroscale, it is shown rigou...

Much research effort has recently been devoted to the electromagnetic control of saltwater flows, exploiting the macroscopic interaction of saltwater with electric currents and magnetic fields. This interaction is governed by the equations of viscous incompressible MHD, essentially, the Navier-Stokes equations coupled to Maxwell’s equations. A major problem in the analysis and numerical solutio...

The dynamics of a propagating magnetic island interacting with a resistive wall or an externally generated, resonant magnetic perturbation is investigated using two-fluid, drift-smagnetohydrodynamicald sMHDd theory in slab geometry. In both cases, the island equation of motion is found to take exactly the same form as that predicted by single-fluid MHD theory. Three ion polarization terms are f...

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and two–fluid quasi-neutral equilibria with azimuthal symmetry, gravity and arbitrary ratios of (nonrelativistic) flow speed to acoustic and Alfvén speeds are investigated. In the two–fluid case, the mass ratio of the two species is arbitrary, and the analysis is therefore applicable to electron–positron plasmas. The methods of derivation can be extended in an obvious ...

Fast magnetic reconnection plays a fundamental role in driving explosive dynamics and heating the solar chromosphere. The time scale of traditional models is shortened at onset coalescence instability, which forms turbulent reconnecting current sheet through plasmoid interaction. In this work we aim to investigate partial ionisation on development fast study instability plasmoids. Unlike proces...

We consider stationary, forced, imbalanced, or cross-helical MHD Alfvénic turbulence where the waves traveling in one direction have higher amplitudes than the opposite waves. This paper is dedicated to so-called strong turbulence, which cannot be treated perturbatively. Our main result is that the anisotropy of the weak waves is stronger than the anisotropy of a strong waves. We propose that c...