OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of 20 mg of IV metoclopramide, given up to four times over 2 hours as needed for persistent headache, with 6 mg of subcutaneous sumatriptan for the emergency department treatment of migraine headaches. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial with two intervention arms. The primary endpoint was change in pain intensity as measured by an 11-...

Metoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist, stimulates aldosterone secretion in normal man. We studied the response of plasma aldosterone, plasma renin activity, cortisol, sodium, potassium and serum prolactin to a 10-mg intravenous dose of metoclopramide in six dexamethasone suppressed patients with aldosteronism (four with adrenal adenoma, two with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia) and in six dexamet...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to a) compare the efficacy of metoclopramide and erythromycin in the treatment of feed intolerance in critical illness; and b) determine the effectiveness of "rescue" combination therapy in patients who fail monotherapy. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Level III mixed medical and surgical intensive care unit. PATIENTS Ninety mechanically ventilated, ...

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of metoclopramide-induced hyperprolactinemia in cellular death and proliferation harderian gland female mice. METHODS: Twenty mice were divided into two groups 10 animals each treated: 0.2 mL saline solution (controls, Ctr) 200 µg metoclopramide (experimental, hyperprolactinemia), both for 50 consecutive days at 12:00 a.m. On 50th day, euthanized, glands ...

Posaconazole oral suspension is an extended-spectrum triazole that should be taken with food to maximize absorption. A new posaconazole tablet formulation has demonstrated improved bioavailability over the oral suspension in healthy adults in a fasting state. This study evaluated the effects of concomitant medications altering gastric pH (antacid, ranitidine, and esomeprazole) and gastric motil...

Analysis of the effects of cyclosporine A (25-28 mgkg(-1)) and/or methotrexate (0.1 mgkg(-1)) treatments on dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) and prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) activities and on algesic response in two distinct status of murine macrophages (Mphis) was undertaken. In resident Mphis, DPPIV and POP were affected by neither individual nor combined treatments. In thioglycolate-elicited M...

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of a combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone with that of metoclopramide and dexamethasone for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in gynecologic patients receiving fentanyl IV-patient controlled analgesia. METHODS One hundred patients were divided into two groups at random. In Group O, 5 mg of dexamethsone wa...

Recently, regulatory agencies in North America and Europe re-evaluated the safety of metoclopramide. This resulted in recommendations and restrictions in order to minimize the risk of neurological and other adverse reactions associated with the use of metoclopramide. The side effects in non-ICU patients are as follows: 1. Neurological adverse reactions, including extrapyramidal disorders, dyski...

We have studied 746 males and females undergoing general anaesthesia for any type of surgical procedure in a double-blind, controlled, randomized study. After experiencing at least one nausea and/or one emetic episode in the 6 h after recovery from anaesthesia, patients received either ondansetron 4 mg i.v. or metoclopramide 10 mg i.v. Patients were observed for postoperative nausea and vomitin...

BACKGROUND Nausea is a subjective sensation which is difficult to measure in non-verbal species. The aims of this study were to determine the efficacy of three classes of antiemetic drugs in a novel low dose cisplatin model of nausea and vomiting and measure change in potential nausea biomarkers arginine vasopressin (AVP) and cortisol. A four period cross-over blinded study was conducted in eig...