KEY WORDS bacterial vaginosis; metronidazole etronidazole vaginal gel 0.75% (MetroGel-Vaginal(R), 3M Pharmaceuticals, St. Paul, MN) is the intravaginal form of the antibacterial, anti-protozoal agent metronidazole. MetroGel-Vaginal is indicated for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and has been shown to be as effective as the oral form of metronidazole for this condition. Recently , a s...

Abstract. A novel coating for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers was manufactured by using a mixture of 1-decyl-3methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid and commercial adhesive deposited on an etched stainless-steel support. The new characterized applying optical electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy its extraction capacity also evaluated. tested as model analytes some phar...

The amide-linked local anesthetics can be used safely in patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH). 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester contained as a preservative in local anesthetic solution was suspected to have triggered MH in a patient who had received nerve block with lidocaine solution. The author investigated the effects of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester on Ca(2+)-related f...

For many years chemical risk assessments focused on exposures to single agents, but researchers are now paying more attention to chemical mixtures. Of particular interest are mixtures that people encounter in daily life, including combinations of ingredients in shampoo, deodorant, toothpaste, and other personal care products. In this issue of EHP, researchers describe a new informatics approach...

Acute subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of aldosterone increases ex vivo "Na efflux from rat tail artery smooth muscle, which appears to be due to a specific action on mineralocorticoid receptors. Indeed, this effect is blocked by the antimineralocorticoid compounds RU 28318 [17/3hydroxy-3-oxo,7 a-propyl(17 a)-pregn 4-ene, 21 potassium carboxylate] and spironolactone. The specific glucocortico...

Acute subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of aldosterone increases ex vivo "Na efflux from rat tail artery smooth muscle, which appears to be due to a specific action on mineralocorticoid receptors. Indeed, this effect is blocked by the antimineralocorticoid compounds RU 28318 [17/3hydroxy-3-oxo,7 a-propyl(17 a)-pregn 4-ene, 21 potassium carboxylate] and spironolactone. The specific glucocortico...

INTRODUCTION Perioperative anaphylactic reactions due to drugs and substances associated with general anesthesia can potentially be life-threatening. The objective of this study was to investigate the significance of the basophil activation test (BAT) for allergy diagnosis work up. METHODS A total of 14 patients (5 men, 9 women; mean age: 57.8 years) with clinical records of anaphylactic reac...

Bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are encountered as industrial contaminants, and little is known about the species involved or their mechanisms of preservative resistance. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that multiple Bcc species may cause contamination, with B. lata (n = 17) and B. cenocepacia (n = 11) dominant within the collection examined. At the strain level,...

A new way to efficiently estimate human intake of a chemical based on its production and how it is used demonstrates that people’s “exposure intimacy” with widely used chemicals varies dramatically [EHP 120(12):1678–1683; Nazaroff et al.]. For example, the plasticizer bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the world’s most heavily used chemicals, but its U.S. intake-to-production ratio (IPR) is over 100,0...

BACKGROUND Parabens are widely used as antimicrobial preservatives in cosmetics, -pharmaceuticals, and food and beverage processing. OBJECTIVES We assessed exposure to methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl parabens in a representative sample of persons >or= 6 years of age in the U.S. general population from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. METHODS We analyzed 2,548...