Detection and separation of metals from fresh water and industrial effluents has become a pre-requisite for any nation in the world. In and around the city of Hyderabad (Sindh), Pakistan, the home as well as cottage industry which consumes chemicals containing the copper, mercury, cadmium and lead are freely dumped into local ravines and canals unchecked for many years. The process is polluting...

We describe theoretical insights into the mechanism of Hg-C bond protonolysis in methyl mercury coordinated by the tris(2-mercapto-1-tert-butylimidazolyl)hydroborato ligand, the structural and functional analogue of the organomercurial lyase MerB. Different cleavage pathways including both frontside and backside attack transition states were systematically studied by the hybrid density function...

This chapter provides a review and evaluation of the literature pertinent to joint toxic action of the mixture and its components. 2.1 Mixture of Concern Toxicological data or PBPK models were not available for the complete mixture of concern. Toxicological and mechanistic data, but no PBPK models, were available for all of the binary mixtures, but were limited. For some binary mixtures, few or...

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The vanadium-based SCR catalyst used for NOx-control promotes the oxidation of elemental mercury Hg to Hg in flue gases from coal-fired power plants. Hg is water soluble and can effectively be captured in a wet scrubber. This means that the combination of an SCR with a wet FGD can offer an effective control option for mercury. Laboratory experiments have been carried out to elucidate and quanti...

Gold mines in the Yellowknife, NT, region--in particular, the Giant Mine--operated from 1949-99, releasing 237,000 tonnes of waste arsenic trioxide (As2O3) dust, among other compounds, from gold ore extraction and roasting processes. For the first time, we show the geospatial distribution of roaster-derived emissions of several chemical species beyond the mine property on otherwise undisturbed ...

Standards for the recognition of occupational diseases (ODs) in Korea were established in 1954 and have been amended several times. In 2013, there was a significant change in these standards. On the basis of scientific evidence and causality, the International Labour Organization list, European Commission schedule, and compensated cases in Korea were reviewed to revise the previous standards fo...

Finland has the highest death rate from dementia in the world and its environmental features can be instructive in understanding hidden causes of dementia. Environmental factors there include: 1) a climate that is both very cold and humid resulting in housing frequently harboring molds that are capable of producing a neurotoxic mycotoxin 2) the Gulf of Finland as well as Finnish lakes harbor cy...