Metalinguistic awareness (MLA) is a predictor of adult foreign language (FL) learning in instructed settings. Following Bialystok and Ryan (1985 Bialystok, E., & Ryan, E. (1985). Toward definition metalinguistic skill. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 31(3), 13–32. [Google Scholar]) two-component model MLA, we distinguish ML analysis as the ability to compare select items from control detect manipulat...

Almost every theory of vagueness shares at least one feature: it uses, and in most cases heavily relies on, some kind of normative predicate (or predicates) in its metalanguage. Metalinguistic normative predicates are discussed chiefly by supervaluationists and other defenders of higher-order vagueness. According to this group of theorists, the existence of higher-order vagueness depends on and...

The aim of this paper is to propose f-structure representations of two different types of negation: constituent negation and eventuality negation. In particular, the paper substantiates a suggestion recently made within the PARGRAM community that two binary-valued attributes are needed. We also show that, while the distinction between constituent and eventuality negation is often treated as epi...

This talk explores degree adverbial modifiers licensed exclusively by metalinguistic negation (MN), and compares them with those licensed by descriptive negation (DN) such as NPIs. It shows how MN-licensing is more marked than DN-licensing in prosody and then attempts to show how anomalies arising from misplacing MN-licensed adverbs in DN-requiring short form negation sentences elicit the appro...

This research was designed to establish the importance of phonological awareness and print awareness in learning to read Spanish. A sample of 136 preliterate Spanish children (70 boys and 66 girls) whose ages ranged from 5.1 to 6.6 years (average age 5.6 years) participated in the study. The results, using path analysis, from this longitudinal study support the existence of a relationship betwe...