Bell’s theorem states that quantum correlation function of two spins can not be represented as an expectation value of two classical random variables. Spin is described in Bell’s model by a single scalar random variable. We discuss another classical model of spin in which spin is described by a triple of classical random variables. It is shown that in this model the quantum correlation function...

The criteria of extremality for classical variational integrals depending on several functions of one independent variable and their derivatives of arbitrary orders for constrained, isoperimetrical, degenerate, degenerate constrained, and so on, cases are investigated by means of adapted Poincaré-Cartan forms. Without ambitions on a noble generalizing theory, the main part of the article consis...

We consider the calibration of a Lévy process with American vanilla options. The price of an American vanilla option as a function of the maturity and the strike satisfies a forward in time linear complementarity problem involving a partial integro-differential operator. It leads to a variational inequality in a suitable weighted Sobolev space. Calibrating the Lévy process amounts to solving an...

In this work we deal with global stability properties of classic SIS, SIR and SIRS epidemic models with constant recruitment rate, mass action incidence and variable population size. The usual approach to determine global stability of equilibria is the direct Lyapunov method which requires the construction of a function with specific properties. In this work we construct different Lyapunov func...

As we have mentioned on several occasions this semester, there is a marked contrast between the genotypes of the cells in our body and their phenotypes. Almost all the cells in our body have an identical genotype an identical set of genes. Yet the phenotypes of cells in our body are highly variable. The only way to reconcile these two apparently contradictory facts is to assume that the genotyp...

The purpose of this article is to review recent advanced applications of causal modeling methods in organizational and management research. Developments over the past 10 years involving research on measurement and structural components of causal models will be discussed. Specific topics to be addressed include reflective vs. formative measurement, multidimensional construct assessment, method v...

The linear filters characterized by a state-variable realization given by matrices with nonnegative entries (called positive filters) are heavily restricted in their achievable performance. Nevertheless, such filters are the only choice when dealing with the charged coupled device MOS technology of charge routing networks (CRN’s), since nonnegativity is a consequence of the underlying physical ...

Since the advent of evolution strategies many attempts have been done to improve the mutation operator [7]. The first enhancement could be seen in the introduction of a flexible step size. As a logical consequence later n step sizes, one per variable, were used. Highest flexibility is achieved with the correlated mutation but also quadratic growth of the number of strategy parameters [8]. A new...

This paper develops probabilistic analysis approach to ensure generating capacity is sufficient to balance load (electricity demand) in power grid. In the future grid, most generation will come from variable sources, such as solar and wind. This means the grid can be only balanced probabilistically. Variability of renewable generation requires using storage, which must be a part of the analysis...

The Jaynes-Cummings model, with and without the rotating wave approximation, is expressed in the conjugate variable representation and solved numerically by wave packet propagation. Both cases are then cast into systems of two coupled harmonic oscillators, reminiscent of coupled bound electronic potential curves of diatomic molecules. Using the knowledge of such models, this approach of the pro...