We construct the SO(32) spinor state in weakly coupled type I string theory as a kink solution of the tachyon field on the D-string − anti-D-string pair and calculate its mass. We also give a description of this system in terms of an exact boundary conformal field theory and show that in this description this state can be regarded as a non-supersymmetric D0-brane in type I string theory. This c...

INTRODUCTION In earlier papers (Swann, 1952; Mitchison, 1952) we put forward a new conception of the mechanism of cell division—the expanding membrane theory. This postulated an active expansion of the cell membrane or cortex as the immediate cause of cleavage; it implied that the cell membrane must be sufficiently rigid to expand in area without buckling, and that there could be little or no i...

Membrane lipids were once thought to be homogenously distributed in the 2D surface of a membrane, but the lipid raft theory suggests that cholesterol and sphingolipids partition away from other membrane lipids. Lipid raft theory further implicates these cholesterol-rich domains in many processes such as signaling and vesicle traffic. However, direct characterization of rafts has been difficult,...

Spiking neural P system with chain structure (SNPC, for short) is a new membrane system, which combines spiking neural P system (SNP, for short) with discrete Morse theory, that is to say, neural membrane cells in spiking neural P system are set on chain by discrete gradient vector path, building a SNP system with chain structure. Membrane computing is a computational model, which simulates the...

Sound is detected and converted into electrical signals within the ear. The cochlea not only acts as a passive detector of sound, however, but can also produce tones itself. These otoacoustic emissions are a striking manifestation of the cochlea's mechanical active process. A controversy remains of how these mechanical signals propagate back to the middle ear, from which they are emitted as sou...

In this paper, a new integrated distillation-membrane separation process solution strategy based on genetic programming (GP) was established for azeotrope separation. Then, price evaluation method the theory of unit membrane area proposed, so that those membranes which are still in experimental stage and have no actual industrial cost reference can also be used research. For different character...

This paper investigated the vibration of a printed electronic laminated membrane subjected to pretension and air resistance in thermal environments. First, mathematical model for moving is established, which considers inhomogeneity tension at both ends membrane. The equilibrium governing differential equation obtained according classical laminate plate theory Hamilton’s principle. quadrature me...

Hybrid fibre reinforced polymer (FRP)-timber (HFT) thin-walled structural members made out of thin-timber veneer and composite laminates are a sustainable alternative to light-weight steel aluminium members. Preliminary studies on HFT structures have demonstrated the potential be used as high performing This study is aimed at investigating effect manufacturing pressure type mechanical propertie...

The equilibrium constants of trans and cis dimerization of membrane bound (2D) and freely moving (3D) adhesion receptors are expressed and compared using elementary statistical-thermodynamics. Both processes are mediated by the binding of extracellular subdomains whose range of motion in the 2D environment is reduced upon dimerization, defining a thin reaction shell where dimer formation and di...

A P system is a natural computing model inspired by information processing in cells and cellular membranes. We show that confluent P systems with active membranes solve in polynomial time exactly the class of problems PSPACE. Consequently, these P systems prove to be equivalent (up to a polynomial time reduction) to the alternating Turing machine or the PRAM computer. Similar results were achie...