Two high melt episodes occurred on the Greenland ice sheet in July 2012, during which nearly the entire ice sheet surface experienced melting. Observations from an automatic weather station (AWS) in the lower ablation area in South Greenland reveal the largest daily melt rates (up to 28 cm d−1 ice equivalent) ever recorded on the ice sheet. The two melt episodes lasted 6 days, equivalent to 6% ...

Fractional crystallization of peraluminous Fand H2O-rich granite magmas progressively enriches the remaining melt with volatiles. We show that, at saturation, the melt may separate into two immiscible conjugate melt fractions, one of the fractions shows increasing peraluminosity and the other increasing peralkalinity. These melt fractions also fractionate the incompatible elements to significan...

A series of high temperature experiments was undertaken to study partitioning of several highly siderophile elements (HSE; Ru, Rh, Pd, Re, Os, Ir, Pt and Au) between Cr-rich spinel, olivine, pyroxene and silicate melt. Runs were carried out on a Hawaiian ankaramite, a synthetic eucrite basalt, and a DiAn eutectic melt, at one bar, 19 kbar, and 20 kbar, respectively, in the temperature range of ...

A number of recent quantitative mineralogical interpretations of S-type asteroids have identified compositions consistent with partially differentiated assemblages [e.g., 1-5]. However, partially differentiated meteorites (often designated as " primitive achon-drites ") constitute only a tiny fraction of the meteorite falls represented in terrestrial collections (~0.2% [6]). These two results w...

We review physical and chemical constraints on the mechanisms of melt extraction from the mantle beneath mid-ocean ridges. Compositional constraints from MORB and abyssal peridotite are summarized, followed by observations of melt extraction features in the mantle, and constraints from the physical properties of partially molten peridotite. We address two main issues. (1) To what extent is melt...

The boundaries of liquid and vapor coexistence fields at pressures 101.3 0.133 kPa were calculated based on the partial pressure values components in Al-Al2Se3 Al2Se3-Se systems. more volatile aluminum selenide selenium above systems determined by isothermal version boiling-point method. fewer numerical integration Gibbs–Duhem equation. integral thermodynamic functions formation evaporation sol...

Introduction Experimental studies have identified spinels as important hosts phases for many of the highly siderophile elements (HSE) [1-4]. Yet experimental studies involving chromite or Cr-rich spinel have been lacking. Experimental studies of partitioning of HSEs between silicate, oxides and silicate melt are plagued by low solubilities and the presence of small metallic nuggets at oxygen fu...

The phase transformations of the surfactant Triton X-100 were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS). In particular, crystallization was induced at different cooling rates comprised between 13 and 0.5 K min(-1). Vitrification was detected by both DSC and DRS techniques with a glass transition temp...