Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and melatonin can effectively treat pain. Given their potentially complementary mechanisms of action, their combination could have a synergistic effect. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that compared to the control condition and melatonin alone, tDCS combined with melatonin would have a greater effect on pain modulatory effect, as assessed by quantit...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of melatonin compared to placebo in improving sleep parameters in patients with primary sleep disorders. DESIGN PubMed was searched for randomized, placebo-controlled trials examining the effects of melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. Primary outcomes examined were improvement in sleep latency, sleep quality and total sleep time...

Background: Reproductive dysfunction and endocrine disorders are common among men with complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin. More than 90% of men with epilepsy have abnormal semen analysis, including decreased sperm count, abnormal morphology, and impaired motility. The aim of this study was the assay of chronic treatment with melatonin during the latent phase and chronic phase of e...

background: it has been shown that dietary restriction in the form of every other day fasting (eodf) has neuroprotective effects. the mechanisms of these effects are unknown yet. recently, it has claimed that dietary restriction can reset circadian and regulate irregular rhythms. previous studies have demonstrated that dietary restriction can change melatonin production and secretion. since mel...

Melatonin is an evolutionarily conserved molecule that serves a time-keeping function in various species. In vertebrates, melatonin is produced predominantly by the pineal gland with a marked circadian rhythm that is governed by the central circadian pacemaker (biological clock) in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. High levels of melatonin are normally found at night, and low leve...

Due to the new findings on melatonin actions in the body, and the availability of melatonin analogs, the interest in the clinical applications of the neurohormone is increasing. The recent authorization of melatonin as a drug for insomnia treatment by the European Medicines Agency does it necessary to improve our knowledge regarding the melatonin synthesis, regulation, and actions in the brain....

In humans, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (melatonin), a neurohormone widely found in plants and animal sources, is synthesized from serotonin primarily by the pineal gland. However, it it is also produced in a number of other areas, e.g. the gastrointestinal tract. Melatonin regulates various biological and physiologic body functions and its role in the regulation of circadian rhythms, particula...

Introduction: Introduction: Radiation causes damage to irradiated tissues and also tissues that do not receive direct irradiation through a phenomenon called bystander effects. Melatonin as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent is known for protection of normal tissues against ionizing irradiation. In addition, some studies have suggested that Melatonin may have some...

Book Review R.J. Wurtman, F. Waldhauser (eds.) Melatonin in Humans Journal of Neural Transmission, suppl. 21 Springer, Vienna 1986 VIII + 504 pp.; òS 1,390.⁄ DM 198.-ISBN 3-211-81927-4 This book presents an up-to-date assessment of studies concerning the secretion and the role of melatonin in humans and experimental animals. It includes several excellent lectures presented at the international ...

Melatonin is involved in a number of physiological and oxidative processes, including functional regulation in human milk. The present study investigated the mechanisms of action of melatonin and its effects on the functional activity of colostral phagocytes in diabetic women. Colostrum samples were collected from normoglycemic (N = 38) and diabetic (N = 38) women. We determined melatonin conce...