This report addresses the work done on knowledge representation and automated reasoning before the invention of computers, including the work by Leibniz, Boole, and Jevons. We show how pre-computer work in formal logic, artificial languages, and automated reasoning devices contributed to the development of AI. Topics include scholastic logic; the art of memory; Lull’s inference mechanisms; Leib...

The Relationship Between Concussion History and Post-Concussion Neuropsychological Performance and Symptoms in Collegiate Athletes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Tracey Covassin, David Stearne Gender Differences on Neuromuscular Control of the Hip: Implications for Knee Joint Stability and Non-Contact Anterior Cr...

SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) make a vital contribution to the economic and social well being of most European nations. Many SMEs have invested in an e-commerce presence on the Internet. They are motivated by the potential benefits, which include increased competitiveness and efficiency. In the U.K. there are many examples of entrepreneurial SMEs that have successfully embraced e-co...

iranian journal of engineering education vol.13 no.52 winter 2012 ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ proprietor: the academy of sciences of ir iran, department of engineering science executive manager: prof. mahmood yaghoubi editor-in-chief: prof. parviz davami editorial board: prof. hadi nadimi shahid beheshti university prof. daryosh safvat univ...

The question of whether ethical theories appealing to human morality can serve as a means of protection against information system security breaches has been recognized by several authors. The existing views concerning the role of ethics in information systems security can be divided into two categories. These are (1) expressions about the use of human morality and (2) arguments claiming that t...

114 Ann Dermatol Received October 27, 2015, Revised December 26, 2015, Accepted for publication January 7, 2016 Corresponding author: Mehdi Iskandarli, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Street 31, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey. Tel: 90-5545955552, Fax: 90-2323903399, E-mail: [email protected] This is an Open Access article distributed under t...

Tactile palpation is a simple technique that can prove useful for estimating intraocular pressure (IOP) in primary healthcare settings, mainly in the absence of equipment, for very young children, patients who are intellectually challenged, those with eyes with extremely irregular corneas, and patients with corneal prostheses. Accordingly, this technique can also aid in the diagnosis of high IO...

A method of generating a video rate edge maps, and thereby segmenting an image into regions based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is presented. By applying this test and comparing cumulative distribution functions of the intensities in the neighbourhood of a given pixel, the pixel can be accurately classi ed as either an edge pixel on the boundary between regions, or as a pixel belonging to a pa...