Temporal modulation of the quantum vacuum through fast motion a neutral body or changes its optical properties is known to promote virtual into real photons, so-called dynamical Casimir effect. Empowering protocols with spatial control could enable shaping spectral, spatial, spin, and entanglement emitted photon pairs. Space–time metasurfaces have been proposed as platform realize this physics ...

PURPOSE The global incidence of cancer is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Radiotherapy is an important cancer treatment in the curative and palliative setting. We aimed to estimate the global demand for and supply of radiotherapy megavoltage machines (MVMs) and assess the changes in supply and demand during the past decade. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cancer incidences for...

The accurate measurement of the linear accelerator (linac) radiation isocenter is critical, especially for stereotactic treatment. Traditional quality assurance (QA) procedure focuses on the measurement of single radiation isocenter, usually of 6 megavoltage (MV) photon beams. Single radiation isocenter is also commonly assumed in treatment planning systems (TPS). Due to different flattening fi...

The advent of photon-based quantum cryptography, communication and computation schemes is increasing the need for light sources that produce individual photons; as unwanted additional photons can render quantum cryptographic links insecure and degrade quantum-computation efficiencies. More specifically, it would be useful to have these photons created in response to an external trigger, or even...