This study aims to investigate the effects of shoe traction and obstacle height on lower extremity relative phase dynamics (analysis of intralimb coordination) during walking to better understand the mechanisms employed to avoid slippage following obstacle clearance. Ten participants walked at a self-selected pace during eight conditions: four obstacle heights (0%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of limb len...

This study attempted to evaluate the influence of using an unstable shoe in muscle recruitment strategies and center of pressure (CoP) displacement after the application of an external perturbation. Fourteen healthy female subjects participated in this study. The electromyographic activity of medial gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, rectus abdominis and erector s...

The present investigation was prompted by the Northamptonshire Miniature MassRadiography Survey of 1945a-46. One of the findings of this survey, as presented by Smith (1947), was a significantly higher proportion of newly-discovered cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis* among boot and shoe factory workers than among workers in other trades. In July, 1947, the manufacturers asked for an invest...

Advances in image acquisition and storage technology have led to tremendous growth in very large and detailed image databases. These images, once analysed, can reveal useful information to our uses. The focus for image mining in this article is clustering of shoe prints. This study leads to the work in forensic data mining. In this article, we cluster selected shoe prints using k-means and expe...

This letter evaluates the capabilities of a soft robotic pneumatic actuator derived from terrain display haptic device, “Smart Shoe.” The bladder design Smart Shoe is upgraded to include pressure supply and greater output flow capabilities. Forcing characteristics are identified incorporated as feedforward terms in sliding-mode tracking controller provide impedance control. A bench top setup cr...

Open caisson shafts are a widely adopted solution for range of geotechnical applications. An external ‘cutting shoe’ is common construction feature used to reduce the soil frictional resistance acting on during sinking. This forms an annular void encircling which filled with support fluid maintain excavation stability. The primary aim this paper explore influence cutting shoe geometry resulting...

With the development of aging societies, medical costs due to slip-related-falls (SRFs) continue increase. In order monitor accidents, wearable shoe systems detect slips are promising tools prevent SRFs in daily activities. However, a complex and heavy construction is bottleneck systems. this paper, simple sensor mechanism capable detecting static coefficient friction (SCOF) only by one-axis fo...

In two experiments we study how redundant size modifiers influence the perceived size of objects. We show that when objects are referred to with overspecified descriptions (for example, using a description like “the large red chair” in a situation where all chairs are equally large but different in color), participants subsequently estimate the object to be larger than when objects are referred...

This paper examines the siting of foreign-owned corporate technological development in European regions. The data used are patents granted in the US to the world's largest firms in the period 1987‘95, identifying the ultimate nationality of ownership and the location of the research facility responsible for each patent. According with the literature on knowledge creation in MNCs and the broader...