Small-eyed ray (Raja microocellata) is found on the inner continental shelf in the east Atlantic from the south-western coasts of the British Isles to northern Morocco (Stehmann and Bürkel, 1984). It is locally abundant in the Bristol Channel and parts of the English Channel (Ellis et al., 2005). It is an inshore demersal species, inhabiting the inner continental shelf waters down to a depth of...

We present a detailed history of glacial to Holocene radiocarbon in the deep western North Atlantic from deep-sea corals and paired benthic-planktonic foraminifera. The deglaciation is marked by switches between radiocarbon-enriched and -depleted waters, leading to large radiocarbon gradients in the water column. These changes played an important role in modulating atmospheric radiocarbon. The ...

[1] We present high-resolution benthic dC records from intermediate water depth core site MD01-2461 (1153 m water depth), from the Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic, spanning 43 to 8 kyr B.P. At an average proxy time step of 160 ± 56 years this core provides information on the linkage between records from the Portuguese Margin and high-latitude North Atlantic basin, allowing additional insights i...

High resolution hydrographic observations of temperature and salinity are used to analyse the subsurface circulation along the coast of North Brazil, off the Amazon mouth, between 2 S and 6 N. Observations are presented from four cruises carried out in different periods of the year (March–May 1995, May–June 1999, July–August 2001 and October–November 1997). Numerical model outputs complement th...

A tangent linear adjoint for a low-resolution dynamical model of the atmosphere is used to derive the optimal forcing perturbations for all state variables such that after a specified lead time the model response has a given projection, in terms of an energy norm, on the pattern associated with the 51-yr trend in the Northern Hemisphere winter tropospheric circulation, 1948/49–1998/99. A featur...

The ecological and conservation status of the geographically isolated Black Sea harbour porpoise is currently unknown. Although it has been suggested that Black Sea harbour porpoises are distinct from other populations, the implementation of specific conservation plans has been hindered by the absence of a genetic and morphological study with large sample sizes. We sought to test the hypothesis...

Shipborne aerosol lidar observations were performed aboard the research vessel Polarstern in 2009 and 2010 during three north-south cruises from about 50°N to 50°S. The aerosol data set provides an excellent opportunity to characterize and contrast the vertical aerosol distribution over the Atlantic Ocean in the polluted northern and relatively clean southern hemisphere. Three case studies, an ...

Extreme events are an important part of climate variability and their intensity and persistence are often modulated by large scale climatic patterns which might act as forcing drivers affecting their probability of occurrence. When the North Tropical Atlantic (NTA) and the Equatorial Pacific (Niño 3 region) anomalies are of opposite signs and the first one is positive while the second one is ne...

Variations of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) are believed to be an important driver of decadal to multi-decadal climate variability (e.g. Sutton and Hodson 2005; Knight et al. 2005; Zhang and Delworth 2006; Álvarez-Garcia et al. 2008; Seager et al. 2010; Semenov et al. 2010; Mahajan et al. 2011, for a recent review see Srokosz et al. 2012). In particular, it has been sug...