PURPOSE The tension at the aponeurotic edges of abdominal wall defects is an important factor of dehiscence and incisional hernia formation. The purpose of this study is to map and compare the traction force necessary for medial mobilization in various levels of the anterior rectus sheath in cadavers. METHODS Twenty four adult male cadavers, raging from 22 to 59 years old, with the abdominal ...

In high myopia, acquired esotropia can be present as strabismus fixus convergence also known Heavy Eye Syndrome (HES). Although exotropia and hypertropia have been reported, patients typically with diplopia due to increasing hypotropia limitations on abduction elevation. We reported two cases of HES based history clinical examination, which includes anterior posterior segment examination squint...

For a given position of the eye in the orbit, most abducens motoneurons (LRMNs) fire at higher rates in converged gaze than when convergence is relaxed, implying that lateral rectus (LR) muscle force will be higher for a given eye position in convergence. If medial rectus (MR) muscle force balances LR force, it too would be higher in convergence, that is, LRMN recording studies predict horizont...

We studied 250 patients with consecutive exotropia. The interval between the surgical procedure and the onset of the consecutive exotropia may take many years. Consecutive exotropia occurred with all types of corrective esotropia surgery that we studied. Amblyopia and medial rectus limitation postoperatively seemed to be common factors associated with consecutive exotropia.

The lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns in 46 extraocular eye muscle samples removed at surgery for squint were determined by acrylamide-gel electrophoresis and reduction of NAD coupled with formazan reaction. Muscle type subunits predominated in the isoenzymes of the medial and lateral rectus muscles of emmetropic and hypermetropic eyes, whereas heart type subunits predominated in those o...

22 23 Abbreviations: kg, kilogram; COM, center of mass; APCOP, anterior-posterior center of pressure; 24 EMG, electromyography; LOS, limits of stability; GM, medial gastrocnemius; SOL, soleus; RF, rectus 25 femoris; BF, biceps femoris; LES, lumbar erector spinae; TA, tibialis anterior; ISI, interspike interval; 26 RMS, root mean square; CV, coefficient of variation; IQR, interquartile range; PI...

Traditional abdominal plastic surgery results in a high rate of morbidity because of the necessity for a large undermining of the flap. In 2001, Saldanha, using the term "lipoabdominoplasty" for the first time, standardized a selective undermining, corresponding to 30% of the traditional undermining, between the medial borders of the rectus abdominal muscles. This procedure combines 2 tradition...