Hypotension in septic shock is a reflection of unregulated nitric oxide (NO) production and vascular smooth muscle guanylyl cyclase activation. We examined the effect of methylene blue on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced shock in anesthetized rabbits. Shock was induced with 150 micrograms/kg LPS after measurement of mean arterial pressure, platelet cGMP, and total plasma NO (nitrogen monoxide+S...

this study was performed to investigate the effects of refining on the mechanical and optical properties of waste newspaper. waste newspapers were prepared from gorgan ettelaat newspaper agency and were cut to 5 centimeter pieces, and then were soaked with sufficient distillated water. after 1 day fibers were separated by disintegrator and freeness values for each pulp before and after refining...

OBJECTIVE Due to scarcity of calibration data for microarray experiments, simulation methods are employed to assess preprocessing procedures. Here we analyze several procedures' robustness against increasing numbers of differentially expressed genes and varying proportions of up-regulation. METHODS Raw probe data from oligo-nucleotide microarrays are assumed to be approximately multivariate n...

human brain function for the past decade (see Roland [1] for review). Intersubject analysis is essential (2) because physiologi cal changes, such as altered regional cerebral blood flow, are usually too slight compared with noise caused by random decay ofnucide to allow statistically significant inference with a single thtaset. It also aims at determining the average and common findings applica...

TELEPHO E-BASED TEXT-DEPE DE T SPEAKER VERIFICATIO In this thesis, we investigate model selection and channel variability issues on telephone-based text-dependent speaker verification applications. Due to the lack of an appropriate database for the task, we collected two multi-channel speaker recognition databases which are referred to as text-dependent variable text (TDVT-D) and textdependent ...

The variability of electromyographic (EMG) recordings between and within participants is a complex problem, rarely studied in swimming. The importance of signal normalization has long been recognized, but the method used might influence variability. The aims of this study were to: (i) assess the intra-individual variability of the EMG signal in highly skilled front crawl swimmers, (ii) determin...

This paper investigates the issues of combination and normalization of interval-valued belief structures within the framework of Dempster–Shafer theory (DST) of evidence. Existing approaches are reviewed, examined and critically analysed. They either ignore the normalization or separate it from the combination process, leading to irrational or suboptimal interval-valued belief structures. A new...

The energy parameter has been widely used as an extension to the basic features of mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) to improve the recognition accuracy in speech recognition. In this paper, a simple and effective approach for energy normalization for silence (non-speech) portions in an utterance is proposed. This approach, named as silence energy normalization (SEN), uses the high-pa...

Batch Normalization (BN) is a milestone technique in the development of deep learning, enabling various networks to train. However, normalizing along the batch dimension introduces problems — BN’s error increases rapidly when the batch size becomes smaller, caused by inaccurate batch statistics estimation. This limits BN’s usage for training larger models and transferring features to computer v...

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is a herb used for medicinal purposes, and its discrimination according to cultivation age has been an important and practical issue. This study employed Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy with multivariate statistical analysis to obtain a prediction model for discriminating cultivation ages (5 and 6 years) and three different parts (rhizome, tap root, and ...