Dear Editor, Tuberculosis (TB) is responsible for a large portion of morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to WHO report, tuberculosis is responsible for at least 2 million deaths per year, so 90% of these occurring in developing countries. 1,2 Recently, it has been shown that multidrug-resistance (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are the most important factors c...

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), i.e. involving resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, could threaten the control of TB globally. Controversy has emerged about the best way of confronting MDR-TB in settings with very limited resources. In 1999, the World Health Organization (WHO) created a working group on DOTS-Plus, an initiative exploring the pr...

Ukraine is one of the 10 countries in the world with the highest MDR-TB burden. With technical support from WHO, the national TB programme conducted the first countrywide survey from November 2013 to May 2014 to identify MDR-TB levels and its risk factors. MDR-TB was detected in 24.1% (95% CI: 20.7– 27.6) of new patients and 58.1% (95% CI: 52.1– 64.1) of previously treated patients. Risk factor...

Background: The resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in western countries has been attributed to the HIV epidemic, immigration, and drug resistance. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by the transmission of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in new cases, or by the selection of single drug resistant strains induced by previous treatment. The aim of this report is...

People infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV are much more likely to develop active tuberculosis (TB) than people with M. tuberculosis but without HIV [1]. Patients infected with multidrugresistant (MDR)-TB (defined as resistance to at least rifampicin and isoniazid, the two most powerful antiTB drugs) require longer, more expensive treatment regimens than drug-susceptible TB, with p...

Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is a rare extrapulmonary form of TB, and there have been only two reports of miliary TB associated with infection with multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB pathogen in an immunocompetent host. A 32-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of abnormal findings on chest X-ray. The patient was diagnosed with MDR-TB by a line probe assay and was administered proper anti...

Contacts of persons infected with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) have few prophylaxis options. Of 50 contacts of HIV- and MDR TB-positive persons who were treated with moxifloxacin, 30 completed treatment and 3 discontinued treatment because of gastrointestinal symptoms. Moxifloxacin was generally well-tolerated; further research of its efficacy against MDR TB is needed.

BACKGROUND In sub Saharan Africa, the cocktail of many advanced HIV-infected susceptible hosts, poor TB treatment success rates, a lack of airborne infection control, limited drug-resistance testing (DST) have resulted in HIV-infected individuals being  disproportionately represented in Multi drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases. The prevailing application of the WHO re-treatment protocol...

BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is resistant to the two main first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs: rifampicin and isoniazid. It is a major threat to public health worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess the potential risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients undergoing MDR-TB treatment at two community hospitals in Ethiopia. METHODS A cas...

After decades of relatively little attention, the field of tuberculosis (TB) research has drawn much attention in recent years. New anti-TB drugs, those already commercially available and others still in the development pipeline, are among the primary drivers of active research, along with commitments from governmental and non-governmental entities for the global eradication of TB. However, man...