BACKGROUND Inadequate knowledge and wrong perception of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) by Health Care Workers (HCWs) and patients are detrimental to tuberculosis control programs. OBJECTIVE The aim was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of HCWs and TB patients about MDR-TB in Delta State, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out among HCWs and TB ...

Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been an area of growing concern and is posing a threat to the control of tuberculosis (TB). The exact magnitude of problem of resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs worldwide was not known till the 1994-97 global project on anti-tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Union Against ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of the maternal death review (MDR) system and process in improving quality of maternal and newborn health care in northern Nigeria. METHODS A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used, including review of MDR forms and of health management information system data on maternal deaths (MDs), as well as semi-structured interviews with mem...

Although a large number of genetic variants have been identified to be associated with common diseases through genome-wide association studies, there still exits limitations in explaining the missing heritability. One approach to solving this missing heritability problem is to investigate gene-gene interactions, rather than a single-locus approach. For gene-gene interaction analysis, the multif...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major clinical obstacle to successful cancer treatment. Although diverse mechanisms of MDR have been well elucidated, such as dysregulation of drugs transporters, defects of apoptosis and autophagy machinery, alterations of drug metabolism and drug targets, disrupti on of redox homeostasis, the exact mechanisms of MDR in a specific cancer patient and the cro...

OBJECTIVE To study MDR-TB isolates and to identify primary and secondary resistance at microbiology laboratory Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS All samples positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) received during January - September 2004 were reviewed for drug resistance pattern as well as for history of previous antituberculous drugs exposure. RESULTS Out of 216 Mycobac...

Liver transplantation (LT) has emerged as a viable therapy for various end-stage liver diseases. Multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) have emerged as predominant pathogens. The prevalence of MDR-GNB infection has been increasing in LT recipients, especially in early post-LT stages. MDR-GNB infection has become a main cause of death following LT. Since key elements of MDR-GNB inf...

Much controversy surrounds the issue of whether HIV infection is a risk factor for developing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). In this study, we evaluated the prevalence of and risk factors for MDR-TB in HIV-infected patients at the National Medical Center of Korea. We reviewed the medical records of HIV/TB co-infected patients from January 2005 to May 2011; the drug susceptibility pr...

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major cause of failure of cancer chemotherapy and is often associated with elevated expression of drug transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the cancer cells. MDR is, however, accompanied by additional biochemical changes including modifications of membrane composition and properties. We have shown that MDR is associated with a massive up-regulation of ca...

Objectives We set out to investigate the prevalence, different mechanisms, and clonal relatedness of multidrug resistance (MDR) among third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates from Egypt. Materials and methods A total of 118 third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates were included in this study. Their antimicrobial susceptibility pa...