From December 2012 standardised packaging for tobacco products – known as ‘plain packaging’ – has been mandatory in Australia. This paper evaluates the preliminary evidence – in the form of ABS household expenditure on tobacco data – to establish whether the policy has been successful. Despite our econometric efforts, the data refused to yield any indication this policy has been successful; the...

Solving Nonlinear Klein-Gordon Equation with a Quadratic Nonlinear term using Homotopy Analysis Method H. Jafari , M. Saeidy, M. Arab Firoozjaee Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Mazandaran, P. O. Box 47416-1467, Babolsar, Iran. Abstract In this paper, nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with quadratic term is solved by means of an analytic technique, namely the Homotopy...

This cross-sectional study was carried out on 2246 girls born between 1985 and 1989 to determine the age of menarche in Mazandaran province, northern Islamic Republic of Iran. Six cities were selected randomly and cluster sampling used to select high-school students in urban and rural areas. Students with malnutrition, anaemia and chronic infections such as tuberculosis were excluded. The mean ...

This paper introduces a study of morphotectonic structure in the Central Alborz Basin, Mazandaran province of Iran (about 1200 square kilometer), using Russian KFA-1000 satellite photography and sequential air photographs. The KFA-1000 metric camera has better ground resolution than SPOT and LANDSAT for the whole of the study area. Results are provided from one pair of 30×30 cm. photos, which p...

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic protozoan parasite that can infect man and animals. The pathogen can infect the fetus by congenital transmission during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate T. gondii infection in people referred to health care centers in northern and central regions of Iran. Materials and methods: Serum samples from 712 individuals in Maza...

Received October 6, 2016. Revised October 13, 2016. Accepted October 17, 2016. Correspondence to: Misagh Shafizad Department of Neurosurgery, Orthopedics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48191, Iran Tel: +981132261700, Fax: +981132261700, E-mail: [email protected] This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution N...

The genus Belyta Jurine, 1807 (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) is studied in northern Iran. specimens were collected using Malaise traps the Alborz, Golestan, Gilan, Mazandaran and Qazvin Provinces during 2010–2018. seven species of are recorded from Iran for first time, abrupta Thomson, 1858, B. bicolor 1807, depressa elongata rugosicollis Kieffer, 1909, sanguinolenta Nees, 1834 validicornis 1858. Di...

A vast majority of the emails received by people today are machinegenerated by businesses communicating with consumers. While some emails originate as a result of a transaction (e.g., hotel or restaurant reservation confirmations, online purchase receipts, shipping notifications, etc.), a large fraction are commercial emails promoting an offer (a special sale, free shipping, available for a lim...

AIMS To gain insight into the potential impact of plain tobacco packaging policy, two experiments were undertaken to test whether 'prototype' plain compared with branded UK cigarette pack stimuli would differentially elicit instrumental tobacco-seeking in a nominal Pavlovian to instrumental transfer (PIT) procedure. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Two experiments were undertaken at the Unive...