The radiobiological effectiveness of 160 MeV protons was measured relative to -Co y-rays, using Chineee hamster cells cultured in o&o. Separate experiments were performed witb cells irradiated in sWpem&m, or attached to plastk tisslre culture flasks. Proton irradiations were performed in the incident plateau of the depth dosepro6Uc~niththeBrPggpenksprendouttocoverlOcls.Inallcrrscstberdstlveblde...

During large El Niño events the westerly wind response to the eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) shifts southward during boreal winter and early spring, reaching latitudes of 58–78S. The resulting meridional asymmetry, along with a related seasonal weakening of wind anomalies on the equator are key elements in the termination of strong El Niño events. Using an ...

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) are known to preferentially occupy the surface mixed layer above the thermocline and it has been suggested that they are physiologically restricted to water temperatures no more than 8 ◦C colder than surface waters. However, we here report for dive data acquired from a large yellowfin tuna which demonstrate for the first time that this species is indeed capabl...

The results of field experiments carried out in 2007, 2008 in a north-east part of the Black sea in region of city Gelendzhik, are given. Experiments targeted the development of a bottom topography remote (radar and optical) diagnostics. Experimental area is characterized by abrupt depth dumping (fall 50 1250 m), and irregularity of a bank vault (numerous canyons). Such bottom topography in the...

Please cite this article in press as: Ferrari, R j.ocemod.2011.02.013 The ocean contributes to regulating the Earth’s climate through its ability to transport heat from the equator to the poles. In this study we use long simulations of an ocean model to investigate whether the heat transport is carried primarily by wind-driven gyres or whether it is dominated by deep circulations associated wit...

Abstract Lake Kariba, created in 1958, experienced changes, notably the decline of Limnothrissa miodon fishery, which have been attributed to climatic change. Air temperatures rose abruptly by 1.1°C between 1980 and 1981, but temperature lake did not follow this pattern. Temperatures at 10 m depth increased 8% 1961 1971, remained stable until 1984, then declined 1992 was about 7% lower than 196...

Abstract Background Vertical distribution of zooplankton is an important biological factor that can modulate transport, dispersal, and survival in the ocean. Seawater temperature associated formation a thermocline affect spatial organisms water column possibly larval vertical coastal waters. In this study, we examined over small scales where environmental conditions could exhibit strong fairly ...

In recent decades, the central North Sea has been experiencing a general trend of decreasing dissolved oxygen (O2) levels during summer. To understand potential causes driving lower O2, we investigated a 3-day period of summertime turbulence and O2 dynamics in the thermocline and bottom boundary layer (BBL). The study focuses on coupling biogeochemical with physical transport processes to ident...