OBJECTIVE Failure of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has been associated with short-term adverse effects related to the use of masks. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, type and intensity of adverse effects, as well as the comfort, of total face masks (TFMs), facial masks (FMs) and nasal masks (NMs) during NIV. METHODS This was a randomized crossover trial involving 24 healthy ...

In the present article, we investigated whether higher order image statistics, which are known to be carried by the Fourier phase spectrum, are sufficient to affect scene gist recognition. In Experiment 1, we compared the scene gist masking strength of four masking image types that varied in their degrees of second- and higher order relationships: normal scene images, scene textures, phase-rand...

abstract this study aims to examine the use of religion heritage and application of the prophet job’s character mask. one of the important masks that have been used by contemporary poets is the prophet’s masks, especially the job of which the story exists in the quran. this character is a symbol of patience. darvish and sayyab are the most important poets who used the mask of this character.  e...

The paper by Syed et al, 1 provides observations on the use of face masks by members of the public for protection against the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona-virus (CoV). The authors' raise an important question as to whether masks are effective in preventing disease. The type of masks used can generally be categorised as either surgical or paper and are suggested to offer simil...

Abstract It is reported in this paper a method to fabricate three dimensional continuous micro-optical structures using half tone masks and proximity printing. The frequency modulation coded half tone masks are employed to obtain the predetermined exposure distribution. Several components like Cylinder microlens arrays, phase correctors are realized in photoresists.

Certain oxygen therapy masks operating with a venturi were found to possess audible noise levels sufficient to cause annoyance to the user. This was not true of all masks. However, it is recommended that this is a source of noise pollution that should be eliminated by the manufacturers of such devices.

Permanent binary phase masks with planar surfaces and high tolerance to laser radiation are recorded in the volume of photo-thermo-refractive glass using the contact copying technique and binary amplitude master masks. Conversion of a Gaussian beam to higher order modes is shown.

Current research on audio source separation provides tools to estimate the signals contributed by different instruments in polyphonic music mixtures. Such tools can be already incorporated in music production and post-production workflows. In this paper, we describe recent experiments where audio source separation is applied to remixing and upmixing existing mono and stereo music content. 1. AU...

This paper describes an approach for using conventional photoresist materials to pattern structures with dimensions as small as 50 nm. This method, known as near field phase shift lithography (NFPSL), is an experimentally simple approach to nanofabrication that relies on ultraviolet exposure of a layer of resist while it is in conformal, atomic scale contact with such an elastomeric phase mask....

Iconic memory is operationally defined by part-report experiments (Sperling, 1960). If a mask is presented after the target, the mask is thought to be superposed on the target in the iconic representation, or to displace it from the representation. But could a cue presented after a pattern mask still allow selection within the target array? A target array of letters was followed by a checkerboa...