Many criticisms have been raised against historical materialism, both from outside of the Marxist tradition and from within. Some of these I engage in the sections from my book Reconstructing Marxism assigned for this session. What I will do here is briefly list five criticisms. Some of these can be countered fairly effectively, others are more serious. I will not discuss all of these in detail...

Justice, in the sense of fair adjudication between conflicting claims, is held to be relevant to a wide range of issues in medical ethics. Several differing concepts of justice are briefly described, including Aristotle's formal principle of justice, libertarian theories, utilitarian theories, Marxist theories, the theory of John Rawls, and the view--held, for example, by W.D. Ross--that justi...

and universally replicable, it makes no distinction between rebellions, secession movements, or revolutions. In contrast, political theory is context dependent and there is no guarantee that results can be replicated. Hence, the review of theories of revolutions should highlight both data related to an operational frame and elements of an operational approach. Writing in 1979, Skocpol identifie...

One of the more curious by-products of the political and social unrest of the late 1960s, has been the emergence of and survival of interest in the writings of Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957). In the last few years, new translations of his books have appeared and some of his early work has been translated for the first time. A biography, magazine articles, and various surveys of his work convey the i...

This paper examines the current stages of Internet and e-commerce development in China and India. Although China exceeds or equals India in several dimensions of Internet diffusion used in this and past studies, the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) puts India in the group of " E-business followers " and China in the group of " E-business laggards ". These seemingly inconsistent facts are inves...

which includes the medicine of primitive peoples today, "Ancient Egypt," and "Mesopotamia." A remarkable linguist, Sigerist has used original documents most extensively. Because of language barriers, few other historians in any field could employ as wide a range of sources as Sigerist has. Moreover, he has interpreted his sources in a truly historical manner. Most histories of medicine are of t...