During the Sassanid Empire in Persia (226-652 AD), there was a renaissance of humanistic sciences, including medicine, in the city of Gondi-Shapur. When the Islamic center of power moved to Baghdad in about 750 AD, physicians of Gondi-Shapur, including the dean of the medical school (a Nestorian Christian), gradually moved to Baghdad constructing hospitals and medical schools. Aided by the Pers...

The Auditory Brainstem Implant (ABI) is based on the classic cochlear implant (CI) but uses a different stimulation electrode. At MED-EL, early development activities ABI started in year 1994, with suggestion coming from J. Helms and Müller Würzburg, Germany collaboration Univ. of Innsbruck Austria. first surgery neuro-fibromatosis (NF2) patient MED-EL device took place 1997. Later, indication ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the concordance between oscillometric ABI and standard Doppler ABI in diabetic Chinese patients with or without diabetic foot. METHODS 230 consecutive diabetic patients (n = 459 limbs) were included. The right and left ABIs were determined with both devices by the same investigator. The concordance and agreement were assessed by kappa index and the Bland-Altman method. ...

Although some studies have reported that low ankle-brachial index (ABI) is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients, it remains controversial as to which stage of DR. The aim of this study is to assess whether peripheral artery disease (PAD), indicated by abnormally low or high ABI, is associated with different stages of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), a...

BACKGROUND Ankle-brachial index (ABI) can access peripheral artery disease and predict mortality in prevalent patients on hemodialysis. However, ABI has not yet been tested in incident patients, who present significant mortality. Typically, ABI is measured by Doppler, which is not always available, limiting its use in most patients. We therefore hypothesized that ABI, evaluated by a simplified ...

INTRODUCTION The auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is a neuroprosthetic device that provides sound sensations to individuals with profound hearing loss who are not candidates for a cochlear implant (CI) because of anatomic constraints. Herein we describe the ABI for family physicians. METHODS PubMed was searched to identify articles relevant to the ABI, as well as articles that contain outcome...

INTRODUCTION The ankle-brachial index (ABI), measurement of carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT), and assessment of the thickness of interventricular septum (IVS), are noninvasive methods used to predict subclinical atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and to assess the correlations between ABI, CIMT, the t...

BACKGROUND We investigated the prevalence of low ankle brachial index (ABI) and the association of low ABI with pulse pressure among elderly community residents in China. METHODS This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Beijing and recruited 2982 participants who were aged 60 years or older in 2007. Low ABI was defined as an ABI value less than 0.9 in either leg. Participa...

Abl tyrosine kinase (Abl) regulates axon guidance by modulating actin dynamics. Abelson interacting protein (Abi), originally identified as a kinase substrate of Abl, also plays a key role in actin dynamics, yet its role with respect to Abl in the developing nervous system remains unclear. Here we show that mutations in abi disrupt axonal patterning in the developing Drosophila central nervous ...