A fundamental assumption in this article is that not only the public administration but also semi-private and private agencies provide electronic intermediaries between public services and citizens in a quasi-market situation. The theoretical framework of this study views markets as constructed in contrast to natural phenomena. In these processes of construction the role of technologies such as...

Michael Lister has responded to my critique of his work with what Lakatos (1980) called a “problem shift”. In his original paper, Lister (2007) presented empirical evidence that selective welfare state institutions undermine norms of solidarity, which in turn depresses turnout in general elections. In my comment (Arzheimer 2008), I demonstrate that, while the hypothesis is certainly plausible, ...

The Black-Scholes theory, which is the main subject of this course and its sequel, is based on the Efficient Market Hypothesis, that arbitrages (the term will be defined shortly) do not exist in efficient markets. Although this is never completely true in practice, it is a useful basis for pricing theory, and we shall limit our attention (at least for now) to efficient (that is, arbitrage-free)...

Due to the strong complexity of financial markets, economics does not have a unified theory of price formation in financial markets. The most common assumption is the Efficient-Market Hypothesis, which has been attacked by a number of researchers, using different tools. There were varying degrees to which these tools complied with the formal definitions of efficiency and predictability. In our ...

according to stock price excessive volatility in tehran stock exchange, the price limit mechanism is utilized in order to making the price fluctuation narrow and based on the specific periods, the price limit has encountered some variations which price limit has been determined by try and error within these periods and in a short stage of time many modifications existed through the applications...

Increasing penetration of renewable energy generation poses a challenge to power system inertia adequacy. It is vital provide long-term incentive signals induce mix with adequate supply. However, existing literature rarely studies mechanisms or considers constraints when making investment decisions. Thus, we propose an market quantify the value and remunerate provision. To examine impacts on mi...

This study explores the tenacity of plastics market and reveals blame work to explain status quo. Anti-plastic advocates accuse corporations regulators inefficient measures deployed control omnipresence, hazardous effects, indestructability plastic. Regulators focus on single-use plastic recycling mitigate omnipresence delegate responsibility other actors for its effects indestructability. Plas...