In recent decades, long-term use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been widely and heavily promoted as a prophylaxis against heart disease and other illnesses. Millions of women have taken these medications based on their physicians’ recommendations, which were made despite the absence of data from clinical trials demonstrating benefit. Belief in a protective effect of HRT against heart ...

require two signals for full activation, but the mechanisms of how these signals function have been only recently elucidated (1). The first signal is provided by the T-cell receptor after interacting with the MHC/antigenic peptide complex. This so-called “signal one” confers antigen specificity to the immune response but alone is insufficient for full T-cell activation. Indeed, T cells receivin...

I read with interest the article in a recent issue of CHEST (August 2014) by Liberman et al, 1 who performed a prospective lung cancer staging trial in which patients underwent both an endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) investigation followed by surgical staging. Th e combination of an endobronchial and esophageal approach was superior in detecting (sensitivity, 91%...

Tabling is a commonly used technique in logic programming for avoiding cyclic behavior of logic programs and enabling more declarative program de nitions. Furthermore, tabling often improves computational performance. Rational term are terms with one or more in nite subterms but with a nite representation. Rational terms can be generated in Prolog by omitting the occurs check when unifying two ...

This paper presents a history of a difficult facility layout problem that falls into the category of the Koopmans-Beckmann variant of the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP), wherein 30 facilities are to be assigned to 30 locations. The problem arose in 1972 as part of the design of a German university hospital, Klinikum Regensburg. This problem, known as the Krarup30a upon its inclusion in the ...

It has been a quest for nearly a century, and finally 'Cell Secretion', the universal and the most fundamental of cellular processes, has been unraveled. The critical breakthrough came with the discovery of the 'porosome', the universal secretory machinery at the cell plasma membrane, where membrane-bound secretory vesicles dock and transiently fuse to expel intravesicular contents to the outsi...