[1] We report on laboratory experiments examining the frictional and hydrologic properties of fault gouge and wall rock along a borehole transect that crosses a major out-of-sequence thrust splay fault within the Nankai accretionary complex. At 25 MPa effective normal stress, the fault zone material is frictionally weak (m 0.44) and exhibits low permeability after shearing (k < 5.5 10 20 m). Fa...

Much of the Earth’s mantle was melted in the Moon-forming impact. Gases that were not partially soluble in the melt, such as water and CO2, formed a thick, deep atmosphere surrounding the postimpact Earth. This atmosphere was opaque to thermal radiation, allowing heat to escape to space only at the runaway greenhouse threshold of approximately 100 W m−2. The duration of this runaway greenhouse ...

the halak abad prospect occurs in the northeastern part of central iran zone (sabzevar structural zone). in this investigation, geochemical evolution, age and source of part of northeastern iran magmatic arc (intrusive bodies) in halak abad area in the khorasan razavi province has been studied. the exposed rocks consist of volcanic rocks with andesite and dacite nature, limestone, plutonic rock...