Geochemical modeling using the basalt composition analyzed at the Vega 2 landing site indicates that intermediate to silicic liquids can be generated by fractional crystallization and equilibrium partial melting. Fractional crystallization modeling using variable pressures (0.01 GPa to 0.5 GPa) and relative oxidation states (FMQ 0 and FMQ -1) of either a wet (H2O = 0.5 wt%) or dry (H2O = 0 wt%)...

[1] The Orientale basin is a multiring impact structure on the western limb of the Moon that provides a clear view of the primary lunar crust exposed during basin formation. Previously, near-infrared reflectance spectra suggested that Orientale’s Inner Rook Ring (IRR) is very poor in mafic minerals and may represent anorthosite excavated from the Moon’s upper crust. However, detailed assessment...

A key method to investigate magma dynamics is the analysis of crystal cargoes carried by erupted magmas. These may comprise crystals that crystallize in different parts magmatic system (throughout crust) and/or at times. While an individual eruption likely provides a partial view subvolcanic plumbing system, compiling data from multiple eruptions can build picture whole system. In this study, w...

Abstract An electrical resistivity model beneath Azumayama Volcano, NE Japan, is explored using magnetotelluric method to probe the magma/hydrothermal fluid distribution. one of most concerning active volcanoes capable producing a potential eruption triggered by 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake. The three-dimensional reveals conductive magma reservoir (< 3 ?m) at depths 3–15 km below sea level (bs...

Volatiles dissolved in silicic magma at depth exsolve as the magma nears the surface and cause an increase in viscosity of the magma. A model of a volcanic conduit within an elastic medium and a viscosity dependent on the volatile content of the magma produces oscillatory magma flow for a critical range of steady input flow rates. Oscillatory flow is recognized as a fundamental mode of behavior...

Mt. Cameroon is one of the most active volcanoes in Africa and poses a possible threat to about half a million people in the area, yet knowledge of the volcano's underlying magma supply system is sparse. To characterize Mt. Cameroon's magma plumbing system, we employed mineral-melt equilibrium thermobarometry on the products of the volcano's two most recent eruptions of 1999 and 2000. Our resul...

In magma-rich continental rifts, extension is commonly localized as dike injection in discrete magmatic segments which appear from surface geology to mimic the along-axis segmentation of ocean ridges. However, subsurface morphology these zones magma unclear, and whether at what depth range they remain with subvolcanic plumbing systems not fully understood. addition, relationship between tectoni...