In this paper, we explore the interaction between taxation and local public good (LPG) and how it impacts the spatial pattern in the framework of new economic geography (NEG). In the benchmark case of a pure LPG, the system displays a similar location pattern to the existing NEG taxation model, although the tax reduces the market size of manufactured goods. However, when we consider the inheren...

Urban areas are the scene of considerable growth and transformation processes which result in the conversion of land from rural to urban use and in secondary transformations from one urban use to another. In the cities of developing the world such land use change processes can be both formal or informal and they are often also very rapid. Information systems, which can deal effectively with the...

Landscape epidemiology has made significant strides recently, driven in part by increasing availability of land cover data derived from remotely-sensed imagery. Using an example from a study of land cover effects on hantavirus dynamics at an Atlantic Forest site in eastern Paraguay, we demonstrate how automated classification methods can be used to stratify remotely-sensed land cover for studie...

Karachi is one of the world's fastest growing large cities. This paper describes the complex processes by which land is (formally and informally) made available for housing (and for commercial development), as well as who benefits - and how the low-income majority of Karachi citizens lose out. It also describes what underpins this - especially the political complications in a city that has grow...

Abstract: To evaluate the damage of land affected by disturbances in the course of construction. In 2011 our government abolished the regulations of land reclamation implemented in 1988 and introduced new regulations for land reclamation. The single-appropriate suitability evaluation of the new regulation has two influences: first, it offers the land oblige an opportunity that could legally pur...

Vascular plants, particularly seed plants, dominate vegetation throughout much of the world today, from the lush rainforests of the tropics harbouring a vast diversity of angiosperms, to the boreal forests of coniferous trees, draping the northern latitudes of the globe. This dominance in the landscape is the result of a long evolutionary history of plants conquering land. Evolution is the resu...

To design hydraulic structures, predicting the discharge of flood is necessary, the main cause lies in failure that may occur in downstream. Most hydraulic structures were destructed because of the lack of resistance against floods with flow rate more than design flood, so selecting design flood is one of important decisions should be made as an effective factor accompany with other hydrologic ...

[1] Large-scale bottom-up estimates of terrestrial carbon fluxes, whether based on models or inventory, are highly dependent on the assumed land cover. Most current land cover and land cover change maps are based on satellite data and are likely to be so for the foreseeable future. However, these maps show large differences, both at the class level and when transformed into Plant Functional Typ...

Land cover mapping relates to identifying the types of features present on the surface of the earth. It deals with discerning the extent of land cover features namely vegetation, geologic, urban infrastructure, water, bare soil or others. Variations in land cover and associated physical characteristics do influence weather and climate of our earth and hence, it is considered an essential elemen...

Landsat MSS and ETM+ images were analyzed to detect 25-year land-cover change (1976–2001) in the critical Taguibo Watershed in Mindanao Island, Southern Philippines. This watershed has experienced historical modifications of its land-cover due to the presence of logging industries in the 1950s, and continuous deforestation due to illegal logging and slash-and-burn agriculture in the present tim...