An epidemic of ash dieback disease has spread east to west across Europe, first being noted in Poland in 1992 [1]. The disease is caused by the ascomycete fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (also previously known as Chalara fraxinea and H. pseudoalbidus). This is one of several tree pathogens and insect pests that are recent newcomers to Europe caused by worldwide movements of plants and woody mate...

It is a long-established clinical observation that most microbial infections are associated with fever. With many of these agents, however, the pathogenesis of fever has been only recently elucidated and it is apparent that several different mechanisms may be implicated.' The following studies were undertaken to compare fevers induced in rabbits by a nonpathogenic fungus, Cryptococcus albidus, ...

Organic residues (compost) can be used as growth medium but may contain phytotoxic ions that, combined with a water deficit alter the behavior of plants. The experiment was carried out in chamber Cistus albidus commercial substrate, C (sphagnum peat, coconut fiber and perlite, 8:7:1) mixture compost substrates, Cp (slurry compost, 3:6:1). Plants were grown pots under well-watered, maintaining v...

This study includes isolation, purification, and identification of algae from different environmental places (Tigris River and canal around AlJadriah) during February 2008. Nine unialgal cultures were obtainedwhich included 4 species of blue-green algae, 4 species of green algae, and 1 species of diatoms. However, contaminant bacteria and fungi were isolated from 4 of these algal cultures which...

The acetic acid bacteria classifi ed in the genus Gluconobacter Asai 1935 were divided into two groups on the basis of DNA base composition (Yamada and Akita, 1984). One is a higher DNA G+C content group, which contains Gluconobacter oxydans (Henneberg 1897) De Ley 1961 (the type species), Gluconobacter albidus (ex Kondo and Ameyama 1958) Yukphan et al. 2005, Gluconobacter kondonii Malimas et a...

The MicroScan Rapid Yeast Identification (RYI) panel is a 4-h microdilution system for identification of clinical yeastlike isolates. Its accuracy was evaluated by using 357 isolates encompassing 11 genera and 30 species. The RYI panel identifications were compared with those obtained by the API 20C system assisted with morphological characterization on cornmeal-Tween 80 agar. The panels were r...

The alkyl glycerol ether rac-1-O-dodecylglycerol inhibited the growth of members of two genera of yeasts, Candida and Cryptococcus, and was strongly synergistic with amphotericin B. At one-half its MIC, dodecylglycerol decreased the MIC of amphotericin B by as much as 80-fold. This high degree of synergism between dodecylglycerol and amphotericin B was demonstrated against a number of species o...

Heterogeneous oily waste from an old dumping site was composted in three windrows constructed from different proportions of waste, sewage sludge, and bark. The objectives of this pilot study were to examine the usefulness of composting as a treatment method for this particular waste and to study decontamination in the composting process by using a battery of toxicity tests. Five samples from th...