We have determined the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence of the mitochondrial genome of an oligochaete annelid, the earthworm Lumbricus tarestris. This genome contains the 37 genes typical of metazoan mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), including ATPase8, which is missing from some invertebrate mtDNAs. ATPase8 is not immediately upstream of ATPase6, a condition found previously only in the mtDNA of snai...

Introduction: Among soil species earthworms are ubiquitous, abundant and important for soil processes, constituting the largest terrestrial faunal biomass and are also impacted by soil pollutants. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether changes in earthworm biomass and behavior could serve as a good indicator for copper toxicity in soil systems. Another aim of the study was t...

In the current study, combination of albendazole and mebendazole was analyzed as a potential anthelmintic agent against Lumbricus terrestris (commonly known earthworms). The in vitro analysis showed 400 mg 300 had more significant therapeutic activities (mean paralysis time 58 minutes mean death 97.33 minutes) than others. Then combinations were formulated tablet using different ratios excipien...

BACKGROUND Considering folkloric use of Tribulus terrestris (T. terrestris) in diabetes and proven anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of T. terrestris in animal studies, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the hydro alcoholic extract of T. terrestris on the serum glucose and lipid profile of women with diabetes mellitus. METHODS Ninety-eight diabetic women were randomly alloc...

The generation and conduction of neuronal action potentials (APs) were the subjects of a cell physiology exercise for first-year medical students. In this activity, students demonstrated the all-or-none nature of AP generation, measured conduction velocity, and examined the dependence of the threshold stimulus amplitude on stimulus duration. For this purpose, they used the median giant nerve fi...

There were no signi®cant differences in the percent mortality and weight of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) after 40 days in soil planted with Bt (NK4640Bt) or non-Bt corn or after 45 days in soil amended with biomass of Bt or non-Bt corn. The toxin was present in the guts and casts of earthworms in soil planted with Bt corn or amended with biomass of Bt corn, but it was cleared within 2±3 da...

In the Great Lakes region, little data exist on the distribution of exotic earthworm species or their relative impacts to soil structure and plant communities in forest types other than those dominated by sugar maple. Our objective was to document the earthworm populations in relation to their proximity to human development (e.g., campgrounds, boat landings, roads) in beech-maple dominated fore...

16 The common practice of remediating metal contaminated mine soils with compost can reduce 17 metal mobility and promote re-vegetation, but the effect of introduced or colonising 18 earthworms on metal solubility is largely unknown. We amended soils from an As/Cu (1150 19 mgAs kg and 362 mgCu kg) and Pb/Zn mine (4550 mgPb kg and 908 mgZn kg) with 0, 20 5, 10, 15 and 20 % compost and then intro...