BACKGROUND Extracellular matrix deposition is the main factor inducing stenotic lesions in arterial grafts. Lysyl oxidases (LOX) play a key role in stabilizing collagen and elastin. OBJECTIVE To examine the repair response to arterial allografts in terms of LOX expression and collagen/elastin deposition using LOX inhibitors. METHODS Lewis/Fisher-344 rats were used as donors/recipients. Dono...

Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, is a multistep, highly orchestrated process involving vessel sprouting, endothelial cell migration, proliferation, tube differentiation, and survival. Eicosanoids, arachidonic acid (AA)-derived metabolites, have potent biologic activities on vascular endothelial cells. Endothelial cells can synthesize various eicosan...

Lysyl oxidase (LOX) remodels the tumour microenvironment by cross-linking the extracellular matrix. LOX overexpression is associated with poor cancer outcomes. Here, we find that LOX regulates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to drive tumour progression. We show that LOX regulates EGFR by suppressing TGFβ1 signalling through the secreted protease HTRA1. This increases the expression ...

In healthy arteries, expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is almost undetectable. However, in proatherogenic conditions, LOX-1 is markedly up-regulated in vascular cells. In atherosclerosis, LOX-1 appears to be the key scavenger receptor for binding oxidized LDL (oxLDL). Notably, a positive feedback exists between LOX-1 and oxLDL. LOX-1 is involved in me...

The LOX-1 scavenger receptor recognises pro-atherogenic oxidised low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) particles and is implicated in atherosclerotic plaque formation, but this mechanism is not well understood. Here we show evidence for a novel clathrin-independent and cytosolic-signal-dependent pathway that regulates LOX-1-mediated OxLDL internalisation. Cell surface labelling in the absence or pres...

Endothelial dysfunction is associated with pathological vascular conditions including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. The oxidatively modified form of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is recognized as a major cause of endothelial dysfunction in atherogenesis. As the receptor for oxidized LDL in endothelial cells, we have identified the lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). LOX-...

Overexpression of lysyl oxidase (LOX) is often observed in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer patients with bone metastasis. In the present bioinformatics study, we observed that LOX is a prognostic factor for poor progression free survival in patients with ER- breast cancer. LOX overexpression was positively correlated with resistance to radiation, doxorubin and mitoxantrone, but n...

The mechanisms by which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells are undergoing intensive investigation. We found previously that NSAIDs induce apoptosis in these cells by restoring 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) expression. The present study examined the NSAID mechanism for up-regulating 15-LOX-1 in two colorectal cancer cell lines (RKO and DLD-1)...