with the introduction of communicative language teaching, a large number of studies have concerned with students’ oral participation in language classrooms. although the importance of classroom participation is evident, some language learners are unwilling to engage in oral activities. this passivity and unwillingness to participate in language classroom discussions is known as “reticence”. rev...

کتاب در باب ترجمه، اثر استر آلن و سوزان برنوفسکی منتشر شده در ماه می 2013 توسط نشریه کلمبیا است. نویسندگان در این کتاب به بررسی 18 مترجم با در نظر گرفتن نقش آثاری که این مترجمان ترجمه کرده اند میپردازند. کتاب به دو بخش تقسیم میشود: " مترجم در جهان" و " کار مترجم" این دو بخش مقالات همیشگی ترجمه و موقعیت خاص ادبیات بیگانه در جهان وسیع امروزی را مورد خطاب قرار میدهد. در این کتاب مقالات متعددی از ن...

Background & Aims: The level of tension and stress is comparatively higher in psychiatric units due to the nature of the disorders and conditions of the patients under treatment, which could threaten various aspects of the general health of psychiatric nurses. Furthermore, this issue could adversely affect the quality of work life in nurses. The present study aimed to investigate the associatio...

abstract the primary purpose of this study was to explore the actual practices and cognitions of two groups of iranian eap teachers, i.e. language teachers and content teachers, with respect to teaching reading-comprehension and vocabulary. to this end, tehran university of medical sciences which authorizes both groups of teachers to teach eap courses was selected as the context of the study s...

امروزه مسئله ی اساسی در رویکرد های جدید زبانشناسی، ابعاد اجتماعی و ایدئولوژیک زبان تلقی می شود. گروه های مختلف اجتماعی، سیاسی و یا مذهبی از زبان به عنوان ابزاری برای دستیابی به اهداف درون گروهی خود استفاده می کنند (ون دایک، 2003). آنها معولا ایدئولوژی خود را صریحا ابراز نمی کنند بلکه آن را در غالب کلمات و ساختارهای زبانی پنهان نگه می دارند. تشخیص ایدئولوژی های پنهان در گفتمان نیازمند این موضوع ...

the purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the relation between efl teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs and their success. moreover, the study was an analysis of the teacher age, gender and years of teaching experience, to examine the manner in which these factors relate to teacher self-efficacy as defined by bandura (1997) and teaching effectiveness as evaluated by their own student...

Organizational justice can dramatically impact the personnel’s attitudes and behaviors and is therefore considered to be of great importance. Moreover, high quality of work life is known as the basic prerequisite to empower human resources in healthcare systems. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived organizational justice and quality of work life among hospit...

in the past couple of decades sociocultural theory of sla and its implications in efl contexts have attracted attentions of research circles worldwide and aroused some controversies. firth and wagner (1997) have questioned the principles of the cognitive view which gives importance to mental constructs in favor of sociocultural view which highlights social and contextual constructs. but if soci...

‏‎in this research,the authors conducted a study comparing two groups of male and female english language learners studying in a elt institute,in terms of their performance on their achievement test including listening comprehension,vocabulary,grammar,and reading comprehension and found no significant difference between the group except in listening comprehension part of the test in which the f...