an analytical nonlinear stress-strain model and a microscopic damage index for confined and unconfined concretes together with a macroscopic damage index for reinforced concrete (rc) structures under cyclic loading are proposed. in order to eliminate the problem of scale effect, an adjustable finite element computer program was generated to simulate rc structures subjected to cyclic loading. by...

The optimal competitive ratio for a randomized online list update algorithm is known to be at least 1.5 and at most 1.6, but the remaining gap is not yet closed. We present a new lower bound of 1.50084 for the partial cost model. The construction is based on game trees with incomplete information, which seem to be generally useful for the competitive analysis of online algorithms. c © 2001 Else...

In this paper we discuss the approximate basket options valuation for a jump-diffusion model. The underlying asset prices follow some correlated diffusion processes with idiosyncratic and systematic jumps. We suggest a new approximate pricing formula which is the weighted sum of Roger and Shi’s lower bound and the conditional second moment adjustments. We show the approximate value is always wi...

Moment-closure methods are popular tools to simplify the mathematical analysis of stochastic models defined on networks, in which high dimensional joint distributions are approximated (often by some heuristic argument) as functions of lower dimensional distributions. Whilst undoubtedly useful, several such methods suffer from issues of non-uniqueness and inconsistency. These problems are solved...

Humans exhibit variation in behavior from moment to moment even when performing a simple, repetitive task. Errors are typically followed by cautious responses, minimizing subsequent distractor interference. However, less is known about how variation in the execution of an ultimately correct response affects subsequent behavior. We asked participants to reach toward a uniquely colored target pre...

the pupose of this paper is modeling of partial digest problem (pdp) as a mathematical programming problem. in this paper we present a new viewpoint of pdp. we formulate the pdp as a continuous optimization problem and develope a method to solve this problem. finally we constract a linear programming model for the problem with an additional constraint. this later model can be solved by the simp...

a three dimensional, compressible, steady, one phase flow of reactant-product mixture in the air side electrode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pemfc) is numerically studied in this paper. the mixture is composed of three species: oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor. the performance of the cell is enhanced by partial blockage of the flow field channels. various types of these blocks also ca...

forecasting of municipal waste generation is a critical challenge for decision making and planning,because proper planning and operation of a solid waste management system is intensively affected by municipal solid waste (msw) streams analysis and accurate predictions of solid waste quantities generated. due to dynamic and complexity of solid waste management system, models by artificial intell...

Mid-story pin column system has been proposed to realize beam yielding mechanism of a steel moment-resisting frame. In this system, connection is applied inbetween the upper and lower RC extended from base control moment demands on both ends first story column. An exposed-type adopted as connected by single anchor bolt. Static cyclic horizontal loading tests partial frame consisting second floo...