OBJECTIVE The effect of weight loss on obesity-associated endothelial dysfunction is not clear because of conflicting data, demonstrating both improvement and no change in endothelial function after weight loss in obese subjects. A 2-year prospective study (n = 121) was conducted to examine: (1) the effect of obesity and weight loss (either a low-carbohydrate or and low-fat diet) on flow mediat...

OBJECTIVE A low-carbohydrate diet can reduce body weight and some cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors more than a low-fat diet, but differential adherence may play a role in these effects. METHODS Data were used from 148 adults who participated in a 12-month clinical trial examining the effect of a low-carbohydrate diet (<40 g/day) and a low-fat diet (<30% fat, <7% saturated fat) on wei...

A spate of articles in the lay press have advocated a low-carbohydrate high-fat diet for cardiovascular health, questioning 'What's cholesterol got to do with it?' and whether cholesterol-lowering drugs, particularly statins, are doing more harm than good. It is correct that excessive carbohydrate intake, particularly refined carbohydrates found in sugary drinks and energy snacks, is behind the...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previously, an inverse association has been found between the dietary proportion of protein or fat and incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage. A positive association has been found with respect to carbohydrate intake. To examine what changes in macronutrient intake are causative, animal studies were conducted. METHODS Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) ...

The domestic cat's wild ancestors are obligate carnivores that consume prey containing only minimal amounts of carbohydrates. Evolutionary events adapted the cat's metabolism and physiology to this diet strictly composed of animal tissues and led to unique digestive and metabolic peculiarities of carbohydrate metabolism. The domestic cat still closely resembles its wild ancestor. Although the c...

background: little is known about the effects of a low energy dense diet on weight maintenance and cardiovascular risks following a recent weight reduction. therefore, we assessed if weight maintenance, lipid profiles and glycemic control differ between low energy density diet and usual diet consumers following a recent weight reduction. method s: seventy patients with the history of weight red...

BACKGROUND Low carbohydrate diets have become increasingly popular for weight loss. Although they may improve some metabolic markers, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) or metabolic syndrome (MS), their net effect on vascular function remains unclear. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the relation between dietary macronutrient composition and the small artery reactive hyperaemia index (saRHI), a...

The observation that a high fat/low carbohydrate (CHO) diet has a beneficial effect on a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) published today is notable given previous results showing that high fat diets have a deleterious effect on AD. Van de Auwera, et al. [1] reported that mice fed a ketogenic diet (<1% carbohydrate, 80% fat) were found to have a 25% decrease in the protein Aβ42 compared ...

BACKGROUND: Does dietary fat play a central role in weight gain and development of obesity? Do low-fat diets have adverse effects on blood lipids? OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: To answer these questions we have reviewed the evidence linking the dietary fat content to energy balance and obesity, and examined the efficacy and safety of ad libitum low fat, high carbohydrate=protein diets in the prevention...