For the last couple of years, due to ecological as well as economical reasons, energy efficiency of ICT has become a major issue. Leading manufacturers of IT equipment advertise with ”green” and energy-efficient products. Steadily increasing energy consumption in data centers [1], as well as high electricity costs prompt organizations, companies, and administration to decrease the energy consum...

The major part of environments for parallel programming in distributed systems either neglects load distribution support or realizes load distribution by the trivial task farming paradigm. This paper presents new language concepts for the support of application integrated load distribution. In addition to the task farming approach, the system can also dynamically migrate objects. Active objects...

Actual systems supporting dynamic load distribution for parallel programs such as Dynamo [3] manage load distribution by directing the assignment of newly generated subproblems to processes of the parallel program (non-preemptive load distribution). This so called task farming paradigm is only useful for a relatively small number of applications. Most numerical algorithms and simulation program...

This report details a survey of systems providing process or object migration. After an introduction to the topic a number of systems are covered in detail. Four chapters deal with systems providing migration over unmodi ed UNIX, those providing \classical" process migration and containing modi ed or new kernels, migration over modern microkernel based operating systems and nally those providin...

Protein malnutrition, the most deleterious cause of malnutrition in developing countries, has been considered a primary risk factor for the development of clinical visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Protein malnutrition and infection with Leishmania infantum leads to lymphoid tissue disorganization, including changes in cellularity and lymphocyte subpopulations in the thymus and spleen. Here we repor...

migration and quality of redistribution of population across country is one of the main factors that planners take into account to control population and guide its movements to economic poles. scientific recognition of migration phenomenon is important for managing and policy making in the country. these movements change migration pattern, in a way that along with increase in population and the...