Sir,—The article of Kitching, Walpole and Blogg 1 investigating removal of the laryngeal mask in anaesthetized and awake children merits further discussion. At our hospital we routinely use the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in the general paediatric population for various ear, nose and throat (ENT) procedures. 2 Our standard practice is in accordance with those of both the inventor and the manufa...

The global data on solar neutrino rates and spectrum, including the SNO charged current rate, can be explained by LMA, LOW or the energy independent solution – corresponding to near-maximal mixing. All the three favour a mild upward renormalisation of the Cl rate. A mild downward shift of the B neutrino flux is favoured by the energy independent and to a lesser extent the LOW solution, but not ...

T HE supraglottic airways have gained firm places in anesthetic practice since clinical introduction of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Classic (LMA North America, Inc., San Diego, CA) in 1988. Although they are generally being used safely, serious complications occasionally do occur during the use of the airways. To increase safety, we need to know the types, severity, and possible causative f...

BACKGROUND Only a prototype laryngeal tube has been compared with the classic LMA for brief periods of anaesthesia. We compared the new laryngeal tube (which had several improvements in design) with the classic LMA. METHODS We randomly allocated 72 patients to receive either the laryngeal tube or an LMA, and compared adequacy of controlled ventilation during anaesthesia (good: clear airway wi...

BACKGROUND Desflurane and sevoflurane have markedly different pungencies. The tested hypothesis was that patients breathing equivalent concentrations of desflurane or sevoflurane through a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) would have similar responses. METHODS After institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained, 60 patients were enrolled and given intravenous midazolam (14 ...

Use of lamb BW or chilled carcass weights (CCW), live-animal ultrasound or direct carcass measurements of backfat thickness (BF; mm) and LM area (LMA; cm2), and carcass body wall thickness (BWall; mm) to predict carcass yield and value was evaluated using 512 crossbred lambs produced over 3 yr by mating Columbia, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams to adult Rambo...

In this paper we present product-form solutions from the point of view of stochastic process algebra. In previous work [16] we have shown how to derive product-form solutions for a formalism called Labelled Markov Automata (LMA). LMA are very useful as their relation with the Continuous Time Markov Chains is very direct. The disadvantage of using LMA is that the proofs of properties are cumbers...

Supraglottic airway devices are developed with increasing frequency following the overwhelming success of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). Currently, the LMA, the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA), the laryngeal tube (LT), the laryngeal tube with integrated suctioning tube (LTS) and the oesophageal tracheal combitube (OTC) are the best evaluated and most widespread devices. Both the LMA and ...