Purpose To combat poverty in China's rural areas, Chinese government has established an unconditional cash transfer program known as the Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (Rural Dibao) Program. Interestingly, despite importance of education breaking cycles poverty, little is about Dibao's impact on children's education. This study investigates learning outcomes by first examining targetin...

This chapter considers the living lab concept and reflects on its use in ITAIDE. The idea of living labs is presented as a framework for studying and acting in living settings such as organisations, work places, public spaces and the wider environment. Living labs are also suggested as promising infrastructures for developing innovation.

The Malthusian model of population and economic growth has two key components. First, there is a positive effect of the standard of living on the growth rate of population, resulting either from a purely biological effect of consumption on birth and death rates, or a behavioral response on the part of potential parents to their economic circumstances. Second, because of the existence of some fi...

The available butterfly data sets comprise a few limited species, and the images in the data sets are always standard patterns without the images of butterflies in their living environment. To overcome the aforementioned limitations in the butterfly data sets, we build a butterfly data set composed of all species of butterflies in China with 4270 standard pattern images of 1176 butterfly specie...

The paper aims at studying the various economic aspects like unemployment rate, health care, purchasing power, cost of living and safety index Indian economy. data taken is secondary in nature five years studied to analyse results. t-test applied test hypothesis correlation analysis done see comparative For ease study, factors living, facilities, pollution are averaged categorised as Standard L...

This research takes the analysis of the relationship between energy and income in a different direction than prior research, and it introduces a new set of analytical tools to the area. The results of our research are important because they raise additional questions about the effectiveness of income as a proxy indicator for standard of living, and these conclusions are supported by the use of ...

Canadian patients receiving intensive home hemodialysis (IHHD; ≥16 hours per week) have survival comparable to that of deceased donor kidney transplant recipients in the United States, but a comparison with Canadian kidney transplant recipients has not been conducted. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive, adult IHHD patients and kidney transplant recipients between 2000 and ...