Fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising conversion processes for producing advanced biofuels, which can be used as substitute fuel oils or chemicals. Herbaceous biomass due to its comparatively high amount cellulose and catalytically active inorganic content results in oil with water even if original was dry. Such bio-oil separates into two phases: an upper aqueous phase a bottom tarry phas...

The relative volatilities of a variety of common ionic liquids have been determined for the first time. Equimolar mixtures of ionic liquids were vacuum-distilled in a glass sublimation apparatus at approximately 473 K. The composition of the initial distillate, determined by NMR spectroscopy, was used to establish the relative volatility of each ionic liquid in the mixture. The effect of alkyl ...

Abstract Bagasse, a major by-product of sugarcane-processing industries, has potential to play significant role as feedstock for production cellulosic ethanol, platform chemicals, and bio-based commodities. Pretreatment is essential efficient processing lignocellulosic feedstocks by biochemical conversion. In this work, auto-catalyzed (A-HTP) dilute sulfuric-acid-catalyzed (SA-HTP) hydrothermal...

More recently, the concept of integrated forest biorefinery (IFBR) has received much attention as a promising solution for the struggling forest industry in North America and Europe to overcome its difficult financial period and competes globally. This new business paradigm offers a broad range of potentially attractive products, from bioenergy to value-added green organic chemicals in addition...

An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to analyse the capillary rise in porous media. Wetting experiments were performed with fifteen liquids and fifteen different powders. The liquids covered a wide range  of  surface  tension ( 15.45-71.99  mJ/m2 )  and  viscosity (0.25-21 mPa.s). The powders also provided an acceptable range of particle size (0.012-45 μm) and surface free...

In recent years researchers have started to explore a particular class of organic solvents called room temperature ionic liquids - or simply ionic liquids - to identify their unique advantages for biocatalysis. Because they lack vapour pressure, ionic liquids hold potential as green solvents. Furthermore, unlike organic solvents of comparable polarity, they often do not inactivate enzymes, whic...

Molten salts which are ionic (i.e. a mixture of cation and anion) in nature and have a melting point below 100 °C are termed as Ionic liquids (ILs). [1] Preferably salts which are liquid at room temperature are called room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). ILs have received great attention in the last couple of decades due to their unique properties such as low va‐ pour pressure, high thermal ...