Use of stable isotope-labeled full-length proteins as an internal standard prior to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analysis enables prefractionation of the target proteins and quantification of those low-abundance proteins, which cannot be reached without biological sample enrichment. In terms of membrane proteins, this benefit can be used if a sample processing workflow allows entire solub...

Separation of Neurospora mitochondrial outer membranes from the inner membrane/ matrix fraction was effected by digitonin treatment and discontinuous density gradient centrifugation . The solubilization of four isoleucine-valine biosynthetic enzymes was studied as a function of digitonin concentration and time of incubation in the detergent . The kinetics of the appearance of valine biosyntheti...

Solubilization of the human erythrocyte membrane by seven detergents is described. Components released into the supernatant or retained in the residue were identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Two non-ionic detergents exhibiting little u.v. absorption were more efficient than u.v.-absorbing Triton X-100. Evidence is presented of an interchange between protei...

Numerous researches have been investigated on the mass transfer phenomena and hydrodynamics for the fluid in the vicinity of the membrane surface by the mathematical modelling and simulation. Due to complexities involved in solving transport phenomena within membranes, the application of CFD simulation study for determining the concentration polarization (CP) profile in the membrane channel is ...

n-Octyl beta-D-thioglucopyranoside, a new non-ionic detergent, was synthesized. Properties, and applicability to membrane proteins, of this detergent were investigated. The detergent was easily removed by dialysis. The solubilizing power of this detergent for Escherichia coli membrane proteins was similar to that of n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, which has been widely used in membrane biochemi...

Microsomal membrane preparations from maize (Zea mays L., inbred A636) endosperm cultures contained enzymes that transferred sugar moieties from uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine, guanosine diphosphate-mannose, and uridine diphosphate-glucose to dolichol-phosphate. These enzyme activities were characterized with respect to detergent and pH optima, substrate kinetic constants, and product ...

It is difficult to maintain a target membrane protein in a soluble and functional form in aqueous solution without biological membranes. Use of surfactants can improve solubility, but it remains challenging to identify adequate surfactants that can improve solubility without damaging their native structures and biological functions. Here we report the use of a new class of lipopeptides to solub...

Alternative counting methods for the Abbott “AusR1A” hepatitis-associated antigen test have been devised and evaluated. These methods involve solubilization of the tube-bound radiolabeled complex with glacial acetic acid, transfer of the eluate to a counting vial of choice, and measurement by either a gamma scintillation or a liquid scintillation system. These methods, when compared to the dire...

Membrane processes are used in various felds such as the environment, agriculture and different industrial sectors. These clean techniques are often adopted for directed processes such as treatment, recovery, valorization and separation. In this review article, the theoretical principles and the different classifcations of liquid membranes, such as supported liquid membra...