The expression of the neurofilament proteins of the goldfish visual pathway reflects the degeneration and regeneration of the optic nerve after nerve crush. To monitor these processes, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were generated to the intermediate filament proteins of this pathway. The predominant goldfish visual pathway intermediate filament proteins have a molecular weight of 58K and can be s...

As an essential hormone regulating gonads in vertebrates, the biosynthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is controlled by a variety of endocrine and paracrine factors in both mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates. Activin was initially discovered in the ovary for its specific stimulation of FSH secretion by the pituitary cells. Our earlier studies in fish have shown that...

With oxygen deprivation, the mammalian brain undergoes hyper-activity and neuronal death while this does not occur in the anoxia-tolerant goldfish (Carassius auratus). Anoxic survival of the goldfish may rely on neuromodulatory mechanisms to suppress neuronal hyper-excitability. As γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, we decided to investigate its po...

In goldfish it has been shown that ethambutol shifts the threshold for wavelength discrimination without affecting the absolute sensitivity of the cones. In this study we demonstrate that a similar colour vision disturbance occurs in tuberculosis patients treated with ethambutol. After 2 months of ethambutol treatment, chromatic discrimination was measured with a computerized forced two choice ...

The original continuous-time “goldfish” dynamical system is characterized by two neat formulas, the first of which provides the N Newtonian equations of motion of this dynamical system, while the second provides the solution of the corresponding initial-value problem. Several other, more general, solvable dynamical systems “of goldfish type” have been identified over time, featuring, in the rig...

Goldfish virus-2 replication was enhanced in vitro by pretreatment of CAR cells with subcytotoxic concentrations of carbaryl and toxaphene. This phenomenon was time and temperature dependent. Shortening of pretreatment with carbaryl eliminated enhancement, which was observed for toxaphene only with substantially increased concentrations. Decreasing the temperature of pretreatment (4 degrees C) ...

The presence of an interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) on the gills of goldfish acclimated to 7°C leads to preferential distribution of branchial ionocytes to the distal edges of the ILCM, where they are likely to remain in contact with the water and hence remain functional. Upon exposure to hypoxia, the ILCM retracts, and the ionocytes become localized to the lamellar surfaces and on the filament e...

At temperatures below 15°C the gill lamellae of goldfish (Carassius auratus) are largely covered by an interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) which decreases the functional surface area of the gill. The presence of the ILCM in goldfish acclimated to cold water conceivably could lead to a covering of the neuroepithelial cells (NECs), which are believed to be important for sensing ambient O₂ and CO₂ leve...

The induction of melanization in xanthic goldfish scales with ACTH in vitro has been studied by light and electron microscopy utilizing ammoniated silver nitrate staining of premelanin and melanin. The melanized cells (melanophores and melanocytes) and the yellow pigmented cells (lipophores and the newly described lipocytes) were found to possess many similarities at the levels of cellular and ...

Environmental control of ECS-produced retrograde amnesia in goldfish. PHYSIOL. BEHAV. The retrograde amnestic effect of ECS can be enhanced by exposing the goldfish to the intertrial environment for 25 mm just prior to administration of the ECS. As the interval between training and the ECS is increased, the amnesm produced by the environment-ECS interaction takes longer to develop. The environm...