Recently, there has been a rebirth of empiricism in the field of natural language processing. Manual encoding of linguistic information is being challenged by automated corpus-based learning as a method of providing a natural language processing system with linguistic knowledge. Although corpus-based approaches have been successful in many different areas of natural language processing, it is o...

We examine decision makers ’ use of tacit linguistic intuitions and explicit linguistic knowledge for brand name translations from English to Chinese. We present a market study, which reveals that managers intuitively use linguistic sound and meaning characteristics, that is, which sounds and meanings best fi t for the Chinese translation of the English names. A subsequent experiment shows that...

The aim of this paper is to introduce a novel statement of fuzzy mathematical programming problems and to provide a method for findig a fair solution to these problems. Suppose we are given a mathematical programming problem in which the functional relationship between the decision variables and the objective function is not completely known. Our knowledge-base consists of a block of fuzzy if-t...

From applied linguistic point of view, the fundamental question facing the language teachers, methodologists and course designers is which procedure is more effective in FL/SL: learning to use or using to learn? Definitely, in order to be a competent language user, knowledge of language system is necessary, but it is not sufficient to be a successful language user. That is why there was a gradu...

Knowledge representation is heavily based on using terminology, due to the fact that many terms have precise meanings in a specific domain but not in others. As a consequence, terms becomes unambiguous and clear, and at last, being useful for conceptualizations, are used as a starting point for formalizations. Starting from an analysis of problems in existing dictionaries, in this paper we pres...

The paper is dedicated to one approach to the automatic extraction of the knowledge from natural language texts (Russian and English) with forming the Knowledge Base. It is used for the solution of the most complex problems of the linguistic processors and logical analytical systems. For this purpose the means of knowledge representation (the extended semantic networks ESN) and the tools of the...

In this paper, we present an in-depth investigation of the linguistic knowledge encoded by transformer models currently available for Italian language. particular, investigate how complexity two different architectures probing affects performance Transformers in encoding a wide spectrum features. Moreover, explore implicit varies according to textual genres and language varieties.

Chinese short text matching is a fundamental task in natural language processing. Existing approaches usually take characters or words as input tokens. They have two limitations: 1) Some are polysemous, and semantic information not fully utilized. 2) models suffer potential issues caused by word segmentation. Here we introduce HowNet an external knowledge base propose Linguistic Enhanced graph ...

In group decision making with linguistic information, the decision makers (DMs) usually provide their assessment information by means of linguistic variables. In some situations, however, the DMs may provide fuzzy linguistic information because of time pressure, lack of knowledge, and their limited attention and information processing capabilities. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of tr...