The effects of a transverse magnetic field on an in-line side-coupled 6 MV linear accelerator are given. The results are directly applicable to a linac-MR system used for real-time image guided adaptive radiotherapy. Our previously designed end-to-end linac simulation incorporated the results from the axisymmetric 2D electron gun program EGN2w. However, since the magnetic fields being investiga...

AIMS AND BACKGROUND The aim of this report was to investigate the feasibility in terms of treatment time prolongation of an on-line no-action level correction protocol, based on daily electronic portal image verification. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN The occupation of a linear accelerator (LINAC) delivering 3-D conformal treatments was monitored for two weeks (from Monday to Friday, 10 working da...

In the past, the Radiological Physics Center (RPC) has developed standard sets of photon depth-dose and wedge-factor data, specific to the make, model, and wedge design of the linear accelerator (linac). In this paper, the RPC extends the same concept to electron-cone ratios. Since 1987, the RPC has measured and documented cone-ratio (CR) values during on-site dosimetry review visits to institu...

For the GBAR (Gravitational Behaviour of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment CERN’s Antiproton Decelerator (AD) facility we have constructed a source slow positrons, which uses low-energy electron linear accelerator (linac). The driver linac produces electrons 9 MeV kinetic energy that create positrons from bremsstrahlung-induced pair production. Staying below 10 ensures no persistent radioactive ...

We present a scheme to generate synchronised THz and soft X-ray radiation pulses by using free-electron laser oscillator driven high repetition rate (of order 10–100 MHz) energy recovery linac. The backward in the cavity interacts with successive electron bunch, thus producing few 105 soft/hard photons per shot (namely 1012–1013 photons/s) via Thomson/Compton back-scattering, mJ-class pulse wit...

The requirements for shielding a treatment vault with a Varian Clinac 2100 medical linear accelerator operated both with and without the flattening filter were assessed. Basic shielding parameters, such as primary beam tenth-value layers (TVLs), patient scatter fractions, and wall scatter fractions, were calculated using Monte Carlo simulations of 6, 10 and 18 MV beams. Relative integral target...

INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy is a primary cancer treatment modality. However, targeting a radiation beam on tumours in moving organs such as liver, stomach or lungs, without damaging healthy tissue can be challenging. For this reason, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Linear Accelerator (LINAC) are being combined as a MRI-LINAC, a new image-guided radiotherapy treatment capable to both image a...

Radium needles that were once implanted into tumours as a cancer treatment are now obsolete and constitute a radioactive waste problem, as their half-life is 1600 years. The reduction of radium by photonuclear transmutation by bombarding Ra-226 with high-energy photons from a medical linear accelerator (linac) has been investigated. A linac dose of 2800 Gy produced about 2.4 MBq (64 microCi) of...

The X-band RF linear accelerators (LINAC’s) are popular for medical application due to its compactness [1, 2]. To increase the precision of treatment accuracy under circumstance in which the LINAC is mounted on an apparatus such as gantry frame or robot-arm; this is an advantage as the weight and size are more reduced [3]. It is a 9.3 GHz magnetron with the most readily available RF generator i...

Double-focused muMLCs are able to create fields with steeper dose gradients at the field edges and are, therefore, an advancement in delivering stereotactic treatments. A double-focused muMLC has been installed at a Siemens Primus linear accelerator (linac) as a first research installation in Europe. The basic dosimetric parameters, such as leakage, output factors, depth-dose curves and penumbr...