There is a deepening crisis between oppressed and disaffected religious groups such as Muslims in western societies and some of the principal sources of anti-oppression doctrines and movements.The centre-left seems not only to be dividing between those who see the contemporary minority–majority relations challenge to be the egalitarian inclusion of groups like Muslims, and those who see Muslim ...

Let a society’s unhappiness be measured by the aggregate of the levels of relative deprivation of its members. When two societies of equal size, F and M, merge, unhappiness in the merged society is shown to be higher than the sum of the levels of unhappiness in the constituent societies when apart; merger alone increases unhappiness. But when societies F and M merge and marriages are formed suc...

this paper aims at investigating evidentiality in contemporary persian from a typological point of view. first the category of evidentiality and its types in the languages of the world is introduced. gathering and analysing data of spoken and written form of this language as well as classic texts,  an attempt was made to see whether evidentiality exists in this language as a grammatical categor...

The ongoing patriarchal hegemony in African societies and other parts of the world has fostered diverse feminist reactions both verbally visually. This paper considers works Helen Nzete, a contemporary female artist who employs her mixed-media creations confronting strongholds society, Nigeria. Helen’s second solo exhibition titled “V is for … ” tells story existence without rights societies. T...

The Holocene is defined by the impact of agricultural societies on their natural environments and resources, a paradigmatic shift triggered Agricultural Revolution. In Cantabrian Spain, adoption sedentary economy (ca. 7000 cal yr BP) remains misunderstood, with contemporary Mesolithic Neolithic sites apparently random dispersed. Energy Regimes, time-independent functional analysis past societie...

Secret societies, involving restricted and hierarchically organised initiation rituals, are conspicuous in the chronicles of many past present societies. These rarely leave a substantial written record yet archaeology can provide vivid insight into performances, for example relation to Roman ‘mystery cults’. Far less research, however, has focused on Australia Pacific Islands. This article pres...