Selected carbon sources including soluble carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), insoluble microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and single (SS)/mixed lignocellulosic substrates (MS), were evaluated for endoglucanase production by B. aerius S5.2. The lignocellulosic substrates of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB), oil palm frond (OPF), rice husk (RH), and their mixture (MS) supported growth of the strain be...

Biofuels offer the potential to substitute for a large proportion of fossil fuels, however it is considered that the utilisation of lignocellulosic biomass, via second generation (or biorefining) technologies, will be necessary for this to be achieved economically and sustainably. The lignocellulosic matrix is complex and recalcitrant to conversion but research in biorefining is advancing rapid...

Lignocellulosic ethanol is expected to be commercialised during the next decade as renewable energy for transport. Competiveness with first generation bioethanol and with gasoline is commonly considered in techno-economic analyses for commercial stage. Several existing reviews conclude about the high spread of current and projected production costs of lignocellulosic ethanol due to the signific...

BACKGROUND A substantial barrier to commercialization of lignocellulosic ethanol production is a lack of process specific sensors and associated control strategies that are essential for economic viability. Current sensors and analytical techniques require lengthy offline analysis or are easily fouled in situ. Raman spectroscopy has the potential to continuously monitor fermentation reactants a...

Hydrogen becomes a promising alternative energy carrier to fossil fuels since it is clean, renewable, contains high energy content and does not contribute to greenhouse effect. Therefore, using cheap or renewable resources, such as lignocellulosic materials, as the feedstock for hydrogen production, in particular, dark fermentative hydrogen production has a great potential to give major contrib...

The ever-increasing global demand for energy and materials has a pronounced effect on worldwide economic stability, diplomacy, and technical advancement. In response, a recent key research area in biotechnology has centered on the biological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to simple sugars. Lignocellulosic biomass, converted to fermentable sugars via enzymatic hydrolysis of cell wall poly...

Anaerobic fermentation using lignocellulosic hydrolysates as co-substrates is an economically attractive method to enhance 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) production by increasing the conversion yield from glycerol. Lignocellulosic hydrolysates contain the mixed sugars that are primarily glucose, xylose, and arabinose. Therefore, these three individual sugars were used, separately, as co-substrates wi...

BACKGROUND Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is an extracellular hemoflavoenzyme produced by lignocellulose-degrading fungi including Pycnoporus cinnabarinus. We investigated the cellulolytic system of P. cinnabarinus, focusing on the involvement of CDH in the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. RESULTS First, P. cinnabarinus growth conditions were optimized for CDH production. Following ...

85 10.4155/BFS.09.17 © 2010 Future Science Ltd The development of low-cost, sustainable and low net carbon footprint renewable biofuels as a viable alternative to fossil fuels is a growing societal issue [1,2,101]. Fuels derived from lignocellulosic biomass, such as woody plants, forest residues and nonfood agroenergy crops are a viable alternative to fossil fuels and food-based biofuels [3–6]....

The successful commercialization of bioenergy grasses as lignocellulosic feedstocks requires that they be produced, processed, and transported efficiently. Intensive breeding for higher yields in food crops has resulted in varieties that perform optimally under high-density planting but often with high input costs. This is particularly true of maize, where most yield gains in the past have come...