This paper presents a unified approach to Chinese statistical language modeling (SLM). Applying SLM techniques like trigrams to Chinese is challenging because (1) there is no standard definition of words in Chinese, (2) word boundaries are not marked by spaces, and (3) there is a dearth of training data. Our unified approach automatically and consistently gathers a highquality training data set...

We present results of a correlation filter utilising a computer generated hologram using an analogue ferroelectric liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). The SLM amplitude modulates light and can induce a 0/π phase shift, which is equivalent to modulating along the real axis. Two pixels are combined into a macropixel using a phase detour technique enabling full complex modulation. The me...

We present a method of producing a computer-generated hologram using a zero twist linear nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator. A 2x1 macro pixel method is used, one pixel representing the real data, and one the imaginary. A method is shown that produces both positive and negative analogue amplitude modulation.

Several experiments showed that the classical Kolmogorov power spectral density of the refractive-index sometimes does not properly describe the statistics of the atmosphere. In this paper we show an experimental testbed able to generate non-classical Kolmogorov turbulence by using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator. The testbed is used at Naval Postgraduate School for laboratory investig...

A novel type of liquid crystal device is described, based on a four-electrode unit, arranged in a hexagonal array. Full three-dimensional simulations were performed using a finite elements algorithm demonstrating a 2π rotation of the director in the plane parallel to the substrate surface. Applications for the device are situated in the field of multistable wave plates, spatial light modulators...

As the contents of multimedia proliferate, the higher level of network speed is needed to the customer. SLA is a negotiated agreement between a customer and the service provider on levels of service characteristics and the associated set of metrics. In this paper, we propose an SLA management system reacting not only when an SLA is violated, but also before imminent SLA violations. We provides ...

In this paper we present an extention of a context tree for a structured language model (SLM), which we call an arbori-context tree. The state-of-the-art SLM predicts the next word from a xed partial tree of the history tree, such as two exposed heads, etc. An arbori-context tree allows us to select an optimum partial tree of a history tree for the next word prediction depending on the e ective...

The high peak-to-average power ratio (PAR) of the transmit signal is considered to be one major drawback of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. This paper analyzes the tone reservation (TR) technique for PAR reduction. It is shown that the good performance of TR is paid with an increase in average transmit power. Therefore, an extension of the TR scheme is considered, whi...

Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons receive extrahippocampal and intrahippocampal inputs. The Schaffer collateral (SC) pathway, projecting to the stratum radiatum of the CA1 field, serves as the primary excitatory input to CA1 cells. The temporoammonic pathway (TA), converging at stratum lacunosum moleculare (SLM), appears to be inhibitory. The relative temporal occurrence of the stimuli conveyed...

We have developed an ultrabroad-band regenerative amplifier with a mirrorless cavity to eliminate the limitation of bandwidth of dielectric coats on cavity mirrors. A large amount of material dispersion in Pellin-Broca prisms which are used instead of the cavity mirrors is compensated using a hybrid technique of Brewster prism pairs in the regenerative amplifier and an adaptive phase controller...