Considerable evidence suggests that economic interdependence and integration reduce the likelihood of militarized conflict. However, scholars have devoted remarkably scant attention to testing different explanations of the liberal peace. This article offers an empirical test that can help adjudicate the two main arguments on the liberal peace: the opportunity cost and signaling arguments. Under...

Knowledge from college major and minor—see OIR 10 to 15 (or 16 or 17), Teaching in the Disciplines 1.1 Cognitive, Moral, and Emotional Development of Students Integrative Learning [1] Interdisciplinary Teaching and Learning [2] Undergraduate Research [3] Academic Integrity [4]. See especially the following: Research & Scholarly Integrity (The Graduate School at MSU) http://grad.msu.edu/research...

I argue that contemporary liberal theory cannot give a general justification for the institution or practice of punishment, i.e., a justification that would hold across a broad range of reasonably realistic conditions. I examine the general justifications offered by three prominent contemporary liberal theorists and show how their justifications fail in light of the possibility of an alternativ...

The study reported here examined the developmental antecedents of conservative versus liberal ideologies using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development and a follow-up study conducted when the sample was 18 years old. Specifically, we examined variation in conservative versus liberal ideologies at age 18 years as a fu...

I defend the idea that a liberal commitment to value neutrality is best honoured by maintaining a pure cardinality component in our rankings of opportunity or liberty sets. I consider two challenges to this idea. The first holds that cardinality rankings are unnecessary for neutrality, because what is valuable about a set of liberties from a liberal point of view is not its size but rather its ...

A. The tables and figures that follow rely on the U.S. Supreme Court Database's definitions of “conservative” and “liberal.” The definitions mostly comport with conventional understandings. “Liberal” votes are those in favor of defendants in criminal cases; of women and minorities in civil rights cases; of individuals against the government in First Amendment, privacy, and due process cases; of...

The target article diagnoses a dominance of liberal viewpoints with little evidence, promotes a conservative viewpoint without defining it, and wrongly projects the U.S. liberal-conservative spectrum to the whole field of social psychology. Instead, we propose to anticipate and reduce mixing of theorizing and ideology by using definitions that acknowledge divergence in perspective, and promote ...

The evidence for successful postwar democratic transitions is not encouraging: since 1989, the international community has launched 19 major peacebuilding operations. These operations were reasonably successful in securing peace, but much less successful in establishing a democratic regime. Five years after the operations began, only two countries qualified as liberal democracy; also, no recent...

The case is made for a politically and culturally engaged critical pedagogy of work, placing it within the historical legacy of adult education. Prompted by the Work and Learning Network initiative at the University of Alberta, this paper marks a renewal of the author’s interest in the discourse on education and the world of work. The critical commentaries on education and work in Critical Cros...