We thank the Editor for giving us the opportunity to reply to the ‘Letter to the Editor’ describing the unguarded tricuspid orifice with pulmonary atresia [1]. We congratulate Kariya et al. for successful surgical treatment using a total right ventricular exclusion and total cavo-pulmonary connection (TCPC). Because of the high mortality of this rare anomaly, there are only a few successful rep...

REPLY To the Editor: We appreciate the comments of our distinguished colleagues and thank the editors of the Journal of Neurophysiology for the opportunity to reply. We agree with Jurisic and Bezanilla (2006) that simple, variable capacitance is properly written as differential capaci-tance. The problem is that even this time-varying capacitance must change instantaneously with each voltage cha...

T hank you for the opportunity to respond to the points put forth by the reader regarding the use of SPRIX ® (ketorolac tromethamine) nasal spray. As the developer of SPRIX ® , the reader points out that prior pharmacokinetic data comparing oral with intramuscular (IM) ketorolac indicate that the time for the drug to reach maximum plasma concentration (t max) is as low as 20 minutes in fasted i...

In reaction to ‘Prescribing statins in aortic stenosis: Little to lose, much to gain’ [1], we would like to provide the readership of this journal with some additional information concerning statin use — or underuse — in our study population. In our observational prospective cohort study, we described treatment strategies in symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis in the Rotterdam area...

We appreciate Dr Lentini and co-workers [1] for their comments on our report [2]. Infective endocarditis (IE) involved aortic valve nowadays remains to be associated with high morbidity and mortality [3]. Eradication of infection and correction of the associated haemodynamic abnormality are fundamental to patients indicated for surgical treatment. Valve replacement is the preferred choice of mo...

We appreciate the comments of Khalil and Sarkar [1] that they made concerning our paper about traumatic diaphragmatic rupture [2]. We also appreciate the fact that they mentioned the difficulties in the early diagnosis of right-sided diaphragmatic injuries. Meanwhile, we did not understand why they do not agree with our conclusion that a high index of suspicion is of utmost importance for the d...

In the article by Kuratani et al. [1], the investigators described excellent early and long-term results after extended selective visceral reconstruction and extended thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). As outcome data on hybrid endovascular repair for thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) emerge, the renal implications of the procedure need to be scrutinized. Concern regarding the...

On behalf of the computer department at the Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, EGYPT, I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge, with great appreciation, the book donations during SIGMOD 2001, Santa Barbara and the help of the SIGMOD community at large. We especially acknowledge SIGMOD member's contribution, and the donations by publishers. We also want to express our spe...

Re: Etchison WC, Bloodgood EA, Minton CP, et al. Body mass index and percentage of body fat as indicators for obesity in an adolescent athletic population. Drs Cardinal and Loprinzi are correct when they say that our statement " Lean mass weighs far more than fat " was erroneous. In fact, it is the density of lean muscle tissue that differentiates it from fat. The density of mammalian skeletal ...