n 1499, when portuguese explorer vasco da gama returned home after completing the first-ever sea voyage from Europe to India, he had less than half of his original crew with him— scurvy had claimed the lives of 100 of the 160 men. Throughout the Age of Discovery,1 scurvy was the leading cause of death among sailors. Ship captains typically planned for the death of as many as half of their crew ...

Plant-derived pigments are becoming increasingly important globally as a potential source of biocolours for their versatility and avoiding the health hazards caused by synthetic colours. The use additives such preservatives, artificial flavours, coloring can cause allergic reactions in consumers, chemical compounds build up body. Previous studies on food colors have focused primarily colors, st...

Agricultural by-products such as corn silk and kaffir limepeels have not been utilized well. Since every part of a plant contains phenolicscompounds result their secondary metabolism, it is possible that these two wastes can be used source natural antioxidants. Therefore in this study, we investigated the phenolic content citrus peel assess ability extracts to reduce conversion starch sugar ant...

background & aim: erosion has been defined as the irreversible loss of dental hard tissue by a chemical process not involving bacteria. dental erosion is an important cause of tooth tissue loss in both children and adults. acids of intrinsic and extrinsic origin (gastric juice and acidic foodstaffs, beverages) are thought to be the main etiologic factors for dental erosion. the reported inciden...

This article reports on the bioactivities of citrus extracts (citrus extract, lemon extract, and neroli) toward Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Pichia membranifaciens, and Rhodotorula bacarum. The bioactivities of the extracts (from 10 to 100 ppm) were evaluated through a microdilution method; thereafter, citrus extracts (0 to 80 ppm) were tested in...

E namel erosion is a process of dissolution of the tooth enamel surface dependent upon the pH of the bathing medium, and not due to intrinsic acid production in dental plaque. Pathologic erosion of the dental tissues caused by the consumption of acidic beverages, lemon juice, citric acid, or fruits has been described.i, 2 In South Texas, snacks or candies that contain citric acid, extract of ja...

Ten healthy men ingested, twice daily between meals, during each of the seven-day experimental periods: (a) citric acid (as lemon juice), (b) Al(OH)3, or (c) Al(OH)3 + citric acid. Whole blood sampled after each dietary period was analyzed electrothermally after digestion with nitric acid. Moderate, but significant, increases in mean Al concentrations as compared with pretreatment values [5 (SD...