T ransthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography can be used to detect impaired global and regional function of the left and right ventricles, two indirect signs of coronary artery disease. Coronary artery visualization was first reported in 19761 and was further improved by use of tissue differentiation2 and digital imaging techniques with high frequency annular array transducers.3 By use not o...

Catheter induced left main coronary artery dissection is a rare but well recognized life threatening complication of coronary angiography and angioplasty. We present a case of left main coronary artery dissection induced with a guide catheter while dealing with chronic total occlusion (CTO) and bailout stenting of left main and Left anterior descending (LAD) artery.

We present the time course of transthoracic coronary flow reserve in the left anterior descending artery in a patient who suffered a transient left apical ballooning syndrome.

Hybrid revascularization of multivessel coronary artery disease by combining bypass grafting (CABG) and chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous intervention (PCI) is a relatively novel concept. CABG-CTO PCI aims to combine the durable clinical benefits left internal mammary graft (ideally minimally invasively) with durability CTO in non-left anterior descending vessels. This review assesses ...